Dr Campbell trained in the US, including as a post-doc at the NASA Ames Research Center, in the fields of paleontology, paleoecology, paleoenvironmental analysis, sedimentology, stratigraphy, geochemistry, and astrobiology. For the past decade, she has taught and conducted research at The University of Auckland in New Zealand. Her specialty is the geologic record of life in extreme environments, with active research programs in the western US, New Zealand and South America, studying ancient hot/cold springs as analogs for early life on Earth and possible life on other planets. Dr Campbell has extensive science writing and editing experience, having published 45 peer-reviewed book chapters or papers in international journals, and successfully competed for research funding from national and international organizations. She has reviewed numerous theses, research papers and grant proposals as a supervisor, colleague, peer reviewer and journal board/associate editor. Dr Campbell began working for the Edanz Group in 2008.

Dr McKenzie is a research associate at Rhodes University, South Africa, and is the Production Editor of the African Journal of Range and Forage Science, Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology and Southern Forests: A Journal of Forest Science. Dr McKenzie has extensive writing experience and his research skills cover areas of plant taxonomy and nomenclature, DNA sequencing and PCR techniques, microscopy, phylogenetic and phenetic data analysis methods, pollination ecology, histology, cytology, PAGE electrophoresis, and the isolation and monosaccharide analysis of plant cell walls. Dr McKenzie began as an editor with Edanz Editing in 2007 and his current research is focused on plant systematics and evolution, specializing in groups in the Asteraceae family, phylogenetics, biogeography, morphology and reproductive biology, hybridization, and plant breeding systems.

Dr Creasey is a senior post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Dr Paul Hunt, University of Edinburgh (genetics of artemisinin drug resistance in a rodent malaria model). Her special interests have been in the field of tropical medicine and tropical parasitic diseases, with training in the epidemiological aspects of disease. Her field experience in serology and microbiology involved a number of anti-parasitic drug trials in Africa. Later in Edinburgh, genetics and molecular biology were focused on. Dr Creasey has the ability to communicate science in clear, unambiguous language. During her career she has edited journal articles and PhD theses for scientists from China, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, and most African countries. Dr Creasey joined Edanz Editing as an editor in 2007.

Dr Devon is a biologist with a special interest in neuroscience and genetics. She is a graduate of the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, and obtained her PhD in 1996 from the University of Edinburgh, UK, in the genetics of psychiatric illness. She undertook post-doctoral research on a rare, inherited form of Motor Neurone Disease (Lou Gehrig's Disease) in Vancouver, Canada, and then started her own research group back in Edinburgh, UK, investigating the genetics, cell biology and biochemistry of motor neurone disease. She is a co-founder of the Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research at the University of Edinburgh. Dr Devon has written over 50 research papers, book chapters, reviews and successful grant applications, and has peer-reviewed manuscripts for molecular biology journals. Dr Devon began working with Edanz Editing in 2008.

Dr Fox completed a PhD in microbiology at the University of Oxford, investigating novel phase variable LPS biosynthetic genes in Haemophilus influenzae. She then spent five years as a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Queensland, Australia, focusing on the role of DNA methyltransferases in gene regulation in bacterial pathogens. Other projects included the design and development of live, attenuated vaccines for veterinary pathogens. She has many first-author publications in high-ranking journals in the area of microbial pathogenesis. Dr Fox is now a full-time editor, with extensive editing experience in a broad range of biological disciplines including molecular biology, microbiology, biotechnology, genomics, epidemiology, biochemistry and medicine. Dr Fox began editing with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Dr Smith has worked as a research scientist investigating novel marine extracts with involvement in crop and food research. Dr Smith studied as a post-doctoral researcher at the CNRS Roscoff, France. As well, she has published several research papers in peer-reviewed journals, written numerous IP-protected/confidential reports, and presented at more than 20 international conferences. She is also a reviewer for several academic journals (Functional Plant Biology, Enzyme and Microbial Technology). Dr Smith’s areas of professional expertise for editing are biochemistry and biology, especially of plants, phycology (marine plants), fisheries science, and marine biology, and food and food technology. Dr Smith began working with Edanz Editing in 2007 and now works full time as a science copyeditor.

Dr Eager currently practices internal medicine as a hospitalist in Dallas, Texas, USA. Over the past decade he has amassed considerable experience in clinical and pre-clinical research, principally in the field of oncology. He was a member of the Mary Crowley Cancer Research Center Institutional Review Board for six years, during which time he reviewed numerous Phase I through Phase III clinical protocols. In addition to his clinical expertise, Dr Eager has experience with in-vitro pre-clinical protocols and techniques as well as cell culture, histological methods, and animal model studies, and is skilled in a wide range of microbiology techniques. Dr Eager has authored and co-authored eight publications, and has authored four clinical or pre-clinical protocols. On a part-time basis, Dr Eager has edited scientific manuscripts professionally for the past year and began editing for the Edanz Group in 2011.

Dr Kondejewski’s scientific background is in physiology, endocrinology, molecular biology, obstetrics, gynecology, and perinatology. She has a special interest in the genotypes and phenotypes associated with preterm labor and pregnancy pathologies. Dr Kondejewski has research skills including DNA/RNA isolation and manipulation, DNA sequencing and analysis, PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), cell culture, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Dr Kondejewski has published over 30 peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, and abstracts. She presently works as a grant writer and manuscript coordinator for publishing in high-impact journals. Dr Kondejewski began working as an editor for the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Donkin's PhD thesis was entitled "The Effects of the Neuropeptide Substance P on Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats". His research interests include developing novel pharmacotherapeutic agents for the treatment of neurotrauma and neurodegeneration using rodent animal models. He has completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of British Columbia, Canada, investigating potential prophylactic and therapeutic compounds in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Dr Donkin has published several peer-reviewed journal articles and currently works as a scientific writer. Dr Donkin joined the Edanz Group as a science editor, writer and reviewer in 2011.

After obtaining a BA and PhD in zoology from the University of Oxford, Dr Prosser joined the Medicine Publishing Company, Abingdon, UK, (now part of Elsevier Health Sciences) as a Staff Editor of medical educational publications. In 1998, she became Managing Editor of the journal Medicine, a position she held until 2006, when she began as a freelance science and medical writer and manuscript editor. Dr Prosser, an accomplished and highly experienced biomedical and health sciences editor and writer, began working with Edanz Group in 2006.

Dr Jefferies has extensive research experience in molecular parasitology with a particular interest in emerging infectious diseases. He is currently working as a research scientist at the University of Bristol, UK, in the Schools of Biological Sciences and Veterinary Science. Dr Jefferies has published more than 20 research papers and is a reviewer for multiple journals in the fields of parasitology and veterinary science. With experience in both academic and commercial research environments, Dr Jefferies has expertise in the development of novel diagnostic methods, molecular epidemiology, population genetics, phylogenetics, molecular taxonomy and protein characterization. He has also worked on peptide-based drug discovery using yeast two-hybrid systems. Dr Jefferies began working with the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

Warren Raye graduated from Murdoch University in 2005 with a PhD in Veterinary Virology. His doctoral thesis was entitled "An investigation into the status of porcine circovirus in Australia". Dr Raye is an experienced researcher and lecturer, at undergraduate and post-graduate levels. He was formerly employed by Monash University as a Research Fellow and Lecturer in the fast-changing field of stem cell biology. Dr Raye has also conducted independent research in the areas of molecular virology, inflammation biology and molecular biology. His former work at Monash University involved creating embryonic stem cell lines with various reporter systems for use in small molecule drug screening assays. Other skills and techniques he possesses include mammalian and insect cell culture; growth and differentiation of embryonic stem cell cultures; purification of viruses; PCR; cloning; DNA sequencing and analysis; DNA/RNA manipulation and isolation; expression and purification of recombinant proteins in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems; electrophoresis; development and optimization of ELISAs; design and construction of recombinant viruses for eukaryotic protein expression; in situ hybridization; monoclonal antibody production; and live cell calcium imaging. Dr Raye began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in early 2009, before moving to Fukuoka and taking up the position of Senior Life Sciences Editor in November 2010. As well as editing, Dr Raye also gives training and education seminars for non-native speaking authors to improve their manuscript writing.

Dr Kerr originally studied microbiology at Glasgow University and went on to complete a PhD on herpes viruses at Aberdeen University. He then specialized in electron microscopy and continued for a few years in post-doctoral research on ultrasound treatment of cancer. This was followed by a diploma in information studies, and he has worked in medical and drug information since 1991. Dr Kerr has worked previously as an indexer for EMBase and other pharmaceutical databases, a news writer for several journals including Lancet Infections Diseases and Lancet Oncology, and as a copyeditor for Springer and the Society for General Microbiology. In addition to editing, he works on product literature databases for a number of leading pharmaceutical companies. Dr Kerr joined the Edanz Group in 2005 and edits in the medical and life sciences, with a particular interest in microbiology and infectious diseases. He is a member of the Society for General Microbiology.

Dr Kuhn has extensive experience as a research scientist and is well published as a first author. She began as an editor for Edanz Editing in 2007 and edits in fields associated with neuroscience, physiology, brain rehabilitation/repair, postnatal and adult neurogenesis, memory, learning, neurodegenerative disease, stem cells, molecular biology, including PCR, cloning, subcloning, subtractive hybridization, plasmid preparation/purification, cDNA, RNA, and genomic DNA purification. She also has working experience with all associated laboratory tests and skills necessary for that environment.

Dr Hodgson, an internationally renowned scientist and educator, is a Professor of Zoology lecturing in invertebrate biology, cell structure and function, animal reproduction, environmental physiology, marine biology and introductory microscopy. His interests are in reproductive biology, particularly in developmental processes in gametogenesis of invertebrates, structure and function of spermatozoa, comparative sperm structure and its application in taxonomy and evolutionary biology, reproductive biology/ecology of mollusks, and the physiology of spermatozoa. As well, estuarine biology, and the management of estuarine and intertidal resources, are fields in which Dr Hodgson carries out research. Dr Hodgson has published extensively, with 109 publications in peer evaluated scientific journals, a book and chapters in five other books. He is a peer reviewer for 21 international journals associated with marine biology. He is a member of numerous professional societies, including the Malacological Society of London, International Society of Invertebrate Reproduction, Unitas Malacologica, Microscopy Society of Southern Africa, Zoological Society of Southern Africa, Royal Society of South Africa, Californian Malacological Society, American Microscopical Society, and Marine Biological Association of Plymouth.

Dr Patel is a neuroscientist interested in central nervous system degeneration and mental illness. For his doctoral thesis he developed a mouse gene-knockout model for the human neurological disorder aceruloplasminemia. Subsequently, as a research fellow at the Department of Cell Biology at Harvard Medical School he studied the molecular signaling cascades involved in nerve cell migration. Dr Patel has recently focused his research on the molecular genetics of psychiatric illness as an associate at the Douglas Mental Health Institute in Montreal. His studies center on microRNA signaling networks involved in major depression and suicide. Dr Patel has published a number of first-author articles in high-impact journals, including The Journal of Biological Chemistry and The Journal of Neuroscience. He began editing for the Edanz Group in 2011.

Ms Brunker has been editing biomedical documents for over two decades, including submissions to peer-reviewed journals; dissertations and other academic papers; applications to US regulatory agencies (the Food and Drug Administration and the Patent and Trademark Office); pharmaceutical advertisements of all types; Web site content; slide presentations, scripts and other support pieces for conferences and similar events; and a wide variety of medical education materials. Her master’s thesis was on apoptosis in HIV+ CD4+ cells. She has also done laboratory work in breast cancer and environmental medicine.

Dr Desport is a molecular virologist with interests in animal health. Her thesis for her PhD in Veterinary Virology from the Royal Veterinary College was entitled “Genomic Variation and Cell Tropism of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus”. Dr Desport post-doctoral position at Murdoch University focused on the development and testing of a recombinant protein vaccine to control Jembrana disease in Bali cattle. Skills and techniques include cell culture and purification of viruses; Real-Time RT/PCR; cloning; DNA sequencing and analysis; DNA/RNA manipulation and isolation; expression and purification of recombinant proteins in prokaryotic systems; development and optimization of ELISAs; in situ hybridization; immunostaining; histopathology and peptide mapping. Dr Desport has published eight first-author journal articles and has presented at several national and international conferences. She is an invited reviewer for a number of international journals and has recently edited a book entitled “Lentiviruses and Macrophages: Molecular and Cellular Interactions”. Dr Desport joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr J. Ludovic Croxford is a multi-disciplinary immunologist with research experience in a wide range of fields, especially neuroimmunology, autoimmunity and oncology. His PhD research demonstrated the potential use of cytokine gene therapy for the treatment of animal models of autoimmune disease, and his post-doctoral research focused on the mechanisms of viral molecular mimicry to induce autoimmunity. Dr Croxford next studied the role of a novel NKT cell in a multiple sclerosis model at the National Institute of Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. Following this he studied the mechanisms of immune-mediated tumor suppression for leukemia. Dr Croxford has published over 40 peer-reviewed papers, reviews and book chapters in journals including Nature, Nature Immunology and Nature Medicine. Dr Croxford joined the Edanz Group as an editor in December 2011.

Dr Yajima's background is in proteomics, molecular biology, and plant pathology. He is the first author of numerous manuscripts published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Additionally, he is a co-author of a book chapter, an online encyclopedia chapter, an online technical guide/magazine, and an extensive review article. Prior to joining Edanz, he gained experience in editing/proofreading through freelance work. He has also served as a reviewer for international scientific journals. Dr Yajima joined the Edanz Group as a Senior Editor in the Fukuoka office in November 2011.

Dr Sharman's PhD, in the lab of Peter Holland, focused on homeobox gene duplication in early vertebrate evolution. Her post-doctoral work was with Michael Brand on zebrafish neural development; during which she published three first-author papers and three reviews. Dr Sharman then moved into journal editing. She was Editor of Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Assistant Editor of Current Biology and then Senior Editor of Genome Biology. With seven years experience as an in-house journal editor Dr Sharman understands journal publishing and what peer reviewers require in a manuscript. Dr Sharman attained Advanced Member status of the Society for Editors and Proofreaders in 2010 and edits in all areas of biology and medicine; particularly manuscripts on evolution, developmental biology and genomics. Dr Sharman began editing for the Edanz Group in 2011.

Dr Reynolds initially practiced in Medical Oncology and then Psychotherapy. After retiring from clinical practice in 2003 she began a new career in medical editing. Most of her work has been for Japanese and Chinese authors. A successful author, Dr Reynolds has published 13 articles in peer-reviewed journals, and two books. Dr Reynolds joined the Edanz Group as an editor and writer in 2011 and, though with a clinical focus, works in a broad range of medical fields.

Dr Cheesman has a special interest in tropical disease research and has worked primarily in the fields of molecular biology and genetics. For her PhD she investigated DNA topoisomerase II of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum as an anti-malarial drug target. The research involved studying the expression profile and activity of the enzyme throughout the life cycle of the parasite to determine whether anti-topoisomerase drugs could inhibit it. More recently, Dr Cheesman has been applying genetics and genomics approaches to identify parasite genes of biomedical importance, including genes that induce protective immunity in the host. Her research identified a major parasite gene involved in strain-specific immunity against malaria, an important breakthrough in vaccine research. Dr Cheesman is very interested in the evolution of host-pathogen interactions. She has published 25 original research papers, many as first author and has been an invited speaker at many congresses. Dr Cheesman has also taken research sabbaticals at the University of Osaka (2007) and University of Nagasaki, Japan (2009). She joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

Dr Morben has six years of experience in veterinary medicine. She currently works as a general practitioner in the United States. In addition, Dr Morben has extensive experience editing and proofreading a wide variety of research manuscripts and is a member of the American Medical Writers Association. Dr Morben began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Rogers presently is a lecturer in scientific communication and writing at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. He has previously held research positions as a laboratory head within the biotechnology industry, specializing in proteomics research, and within the food industry, conducting research in primary materials. He completed post-doctoral research within the University of Paris, as a Royal Society Fellow, and at the University of Sussex. He has published widely and is joint author to seven biotechnology patents. Dr Rogers began working as an editor for the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Lutze's graduate work was in vision science. Her studies involved the assessment of changes in color vision with disease and the genetic basis of color vision. She worked alongside ophthalmologists during post-doctoral training and has experience with ophthalmological clinical activities and research. She later worked with an ophthalmologist studying diabetic retinopathy and other retinal diseases. Dr Lutze works as a language editor for a gastroenterology journal based in Beijing, China, and began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Dr Burkala is currently employed at the University of Oklahoma in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology. Dr Burkala has many years of experience in molecular virology and biology, and has recently specialized in HIV immunology and evolution. He has peer-reviewed publications in a broad range of scientific areas including cancer biology and immunology in addition to reviewing many publications and grant applications. Dr Burkala’s technical skills include: cutting-edge molecular biological techniques such as heteroduplex tracking assays and mass spectrometry; common techniques like cloning, PCR, real-time PCR and recombinant protein purification; immunological techniques such as flow cytometry, ELISA, Western immunoblot and ELISPOT; cell culture techniques including primary and cell line culture, virus culture and purification, transwell migration assays and confocal microscopy; and live animal experiments including the use of mice, sheep, cattle, and rabbits for immunizations and immunological analyses.

Dr Roth has published articles on T cell biology, the molecular mechanisms of gene rearrangement, hematopoeisis, developmental biology, neurobiology, and nuclear receptor biology. He has extensive experience with transgeneic animal models, developing genomic and proteomic based technologies, and applying gene and protein expression profiling methods to diseases and therapeutic areas, including diabetes, obesity, blood disorders, and oncology. He is a co-author on 13 publications in high impact journals, and the co-inventor on five issued patents. He has consulted with leading biopharmaceutical, medical device, and life science companies on new platform technologies and product development. As an adjunct professor at Quinnipiac University, he taught an undergraduate online biology course for several years. He received an American Cancer Society Postdoctoral Fellowship while at Northwestern University, and studied developmental neurobiology at Cold Spring Harbor, New York. Dr Roth began working with Edanz Editing as an editor in 2010.

Dr Bijur's work is on neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and investigations into brain metabolic functions. Dr Bijur has extensive experience in the areas of psychiatry, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, metabolic disorders such as diabetes, and in oncogenesis and carcinogenesis. He has thorough understandings of cell culture techniques, molecular biology techniques, and rodent animal models. His personal research has been funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression. Dr Bijur has authored over 32 peer-reviewed publications, and has presented at numerous scientific conferences including the Society for Neuroscience and the American Association for Cancer Research, among others. He also serves as a reviewer for several biomedical journals and granting agencies. Dr Bijur joined the Edanz Group as an editor and medical writer in 2010.

Ms Weidow is a freelance scientific and medical editor with over 6 years experience as a writer and editor in academia, healthcare, and industry. Ms Weidow has degrees in microbiology, statistics, and English from The University of Tennessee, with additional training in scientific writing at Vanderbilt University. She did her thesis research in a multidisciplinary cancer biology laboratory, where she designed small peptide therapeutics for the adjuvant treatment of some cancers. She has worked in academic laboratories for many years, and has contributed in various capacities (writing, editing, data analysis) to hundreds of peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, funded grant proposals, patents, abstracts, posters, standard operating procedures, media releases, and many other types of technical literature. Ms Weidow is a member of the Council of Science Editors, the American Medical Writers Association, and the Society for Scholarly Publishing. She edits and writes in a wide range of subject areas – most notably microbiology, cancer biology, oncology, cell biology, matrix biology, bioengineering, immunology, biostatistics, and method development. She began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Williams’ PhD investigated the role of non-viral delivery in gene therapy. She then spent three years working as a postdoctoral researcher on the gene regulation of cystic fibrosis. Dr Williams’ main areas of expertise are genetics, cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry, plant sciences, medicine, surgery, microbiology and biotechnology. Dr Williams has published several first-author articles in peer-ranking journals and presented her work at international conferences. She has also been a finalist in the (UK) Young Science Writer of the Year award with a report on the role of a speech and language gene in the evolution of humans. Dr Williams joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2012.

Dr Davy’s PhD thesis was entitled “Characterisation of White Patch Syndrome, a putative disease affecting corals in the genus Porites on the Great Barrier Reef”. She has extensive experience of the ecology of coral reefs, including bleaching and coral disease. Her expertise also extends to the areas of marine virology, marine conservation, rocky shore ecology, and areas of applied marine science, including fish stock assessment and coastal defenses. In molecular fields, Dr Davy has undertaken primer design and sequence analysis, DNA extraction, fluorescent in situ hybridization and various types of gel electrophoresis, including DGGE, PFGE and SSCP, histopathology, transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Dr Davy has published 12 papers in peer-reviewed journals and presented at several national and international conferences. Dr Davy has also completed an MA in Creative Writing and had a non-fiction book published by Random House New Zealand in 2011. Dr Davy is presently a freelance writer and editor, and scientific consultant. She began working with the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Benyon is a researcher for the USDA-ARS in the US Horticultural Research Laboratory, which concentrates on improving citrus and specialty crops. His current research involves identifying genetic targets for combating Huanglongbing/Citrus greening in citrus, the bacterial pathogen, and the insect vectors. Dr Benyon has a diversified science background, including having researched antimicrobial peptides at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Dr Benyon has also worked in East Asia with scientists from Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China, and was a post-doctoral associate at Okayama University in Japan. Dr Benyon began editing for the Edanz Group in 2011.

Dr Zahn has 30 years’ experience as a researcher in academia and the biotechnology industry, with expertise in the molecular genetics and biotechnological applications of bacteriophage, bacteria, yeast and fungi. After completing a PhD in the laboratory of Dr Frederick Blattner, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Brown University with Dr Arthur Landy, and then a Sackler Fellow in Molecular Genetics and Informatics with Dr Joshua Lederberg at Rockefeller University. Dr Zahn has also worked as a NEDO Industrial Technology Fellow in the Molecular Microbiology Group at RITE, Kyoto, Japan with Dr Hideaki Yukawa. He currently works in the biotechnology industry in the San Francisco Area. Dr Zahn began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2010.

Prof Takemoto is a University Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA. He has extensive experience in the cell biology and protein chemistry of the eye, which he has studied for over 30 years. His research has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health of the US. He has served on numerous national and international boards dealing with vision research, including the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Eye Institute, Lens & Cataract Panel of the National Eye Institute, and the Board of Directors of the Association for Research in Vision & Ophthalmology (ARVO). Prof Takemoto, though US-born, traces his ancestry back to Japan and has conducted research and traveled extensively in Japan as a Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. He has published over 150 peer-reviewed manuscripts, and joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011

Dr Barnett's PhD thesis, "Effect of variation in maternal protein intake during gestation and lactation on fuel metabolism in the offspring - studies in the rat", investigated the effects of early nutrition on pancreatic function and insulin metabolism. Dr Barnett post-doctoral studies investigated the role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on intestinal inflammation in a mouse model using 'omics' technologies such as microarrays and proteomics. He is currently a Senior Research Scientist working for AgResearch in New Zealand; recently working in the field of epigenetics, in particular DNA methylation. Dr Barnett has published 20 peer-reviewed journal articles (11 since 2010) and one peer-reviewed book chapter, and has been an invited speaker at a number of international conferences. Dr Barnett joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011 with editing expertise in physiology, genomics/proteomics/metabolomics, epigenetics and intestinal inflammation and immunity.

Dr Tinsley completed his PhD at the School of Medicine at Flinders University of South Australia. His thesis title was "Non-Viral Glial Cell Transfection: A Therapeutic Strategy for CNS Regeneration." His post-doctoral training was in the neural stem cell laboratory of Prof Peter Eriksson, the first to demonstrate neurogenesis in the adult human brain. Dr Tinsley returned to Australia to work at the Howard Florey Institute, investigating models and diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. He has over ten years experience in medical research, and has published widely in leading journals in his field, including Annals of Neurology. Dr Tinsley began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2011

Currently, Dr Werry is at Queen Mary University of London studying dentistry. Prior to this, he worked for GlaxoSmithKline Ltd in the Neurosciences Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery in Harlow, UK. Dr Werry studied G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pharmacology and cellular signaling as part of his PhD in a thesis entitled "The effects of crosstalk on GPCR-mediated calcium signaling pathways". He has also worked in one of the premier pharmacology labs in the world with Prof Arthur Christopoulos at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, studying cellular signaling by variants of the serotonin 5HT2C receptor and the pharmacology and cell biology of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Dr Werry's work has produced numerous publications including original research papers and authoritative reviews on calcium and ERK signaling and 5HT2C receptor RNA editing. His areas of expertise include pharmacology, neuroscience, G protein-coupled receptors, and cellular signaling. Dr Werry began working with the Edanz Group as a writer and editor in 2010.

Dr Walmsley recently completed her PhD in Molecular Marine Microbiology and Natural Product Chemistry. Her research, entitled “Investigating the link between microbial diversity and secondary metabolite production in endemic South African marine sponges of the genus Tsitsikamma” instigated the establishment of an environmental genomics project at Rhodes University. Dr Walmsley has extensive experience in molecular microbiology and natural product chemistry, including techniques such as cloning, Sanger sequencing, 454 pyrosequencing, phylogenetics, genetic identification, isolation of pure cultures, fermentation, natural product isolation and identification, nuclear magnetic resonance, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, sequence analysis and interpretation, polymerase chain reaction, DNA isolation, scanning electron microscopy, high pressure liquid chromatography, large scale column chromatography, media preparation and sterile techniques. Dr Walmsley joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Dandie is a microbiologist with interests in microbiological processes in soils. Her postdoctoral research has been undertaken in several international institutions, including University College Cork (Biomerit Research Centre) and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Potato Research Centre). Currently Dr Dandie researches nitrogen cycling and nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils at the CSIRO in Australia. Her interests cover a wide range of research in soil microbiology including bioremediation of contaminated soils, composting, biochar, plant-microbe interactions, microbial inoculants and biosensors. Dr Dandie is an invited reviewer for a number of international journals and is also on the editorial board of a prominent soil science journal. She has published nine first-author journal articles. Dr Dandie joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011

Ms Malapetsas is a medical and scientific editor/writer with experience in the development of content in the various areas in the life sciences for both medical research institutes and pharmaceutical advertising agencies. Initially a research assistant in a cancer research laboratory at the Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research in Montreal, Canada, she performed molecular and cellular biology experiments—including mRNA, DNA, and protein extraction and purification, Northern and Western blots, RT-PCR, cellular transport, primary tissue culture, and various drug efficacy studies. She also developed laboratory documents for submission to journals and funding agencies. Ms Malapetsas then worked in pharmaceutical advertising, where for eight years she undertook proofreading, copyediting, and fact-checking, and wrote medical education programs delivering on-label drug information to physicians and healthcare professionals. Ms Malapetsas also has extensive experience as a freelance medical and scientific editor/writer for research laboratories and corporate entities. Ms Malapetsas began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Prof Hendry main research was in the molecular biology of RNA insect viruses. He also taught virology, molecular biology and immunology at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa. Prof Hendry has wide international research experience, having been a Visiting Scientist at the University of Madison – Wisconsin, USA, at National Chung Hsing University in Taichung, Taiwan, at the University of California – Davis, USA, and at the CSIRO in Canberra, Australia. He was an appointee to the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) for 10 years, and was a member of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), the Society for General Microbiology (SGM), UK, and the Society for Invertebrate Pathology (SIP), USA. He spent seven years as a referee for research grant applications sent to the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa. Prof Hendry has published over 25 papers in international journals, has presented at numerous international congresses, and has served as referee for scientific manuscripts submitted to several journals. Prof Hendry joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011

Dr Sheen is a postdoctoral research fellow at San Diego State University, studying microbial pathogenesis. Her work encompasses microbial niche establishment as well as penetration of the blood-brain barrier. She also has two patents for the development of novel therapeutic agents for treatment of MRSA infections. Dr Sheen carried out her PhD research at AgResearch in Lincoln, New Zealand, focusing on applying genetic techniques to improve the soil survival of a microbial biocontrol agent. Her other research has involved the phylogenetic analysis of Antarctic notothenioid fish and species evolution. Dr Sheen began editing for Edanz Editing in 2011.

Dr Hanton undertook post-doctoral research in intertidal ecology including the spatial and temporal dynamics of intertidal and coastal species. She has a strong academic background and skills in database management, having maintained, compiled and developed bibliographic databases with a focus on aquatic biology, water science and technology, African natural and cultural history, and ornithology. She currently teaches in the fields of mathematics, biology, and computer studies. Dr Hanton has published extensively and began editing for Edanz Editing in 2007, editing in a variety of areas.

Dr Pipe’s PhD research focused on biological modeling; investigating colony growth dynamics of two species of bacteria on high-nutrient agar with a view to developing a mathematical model based on fundamental physical processes to mimic observed growth behavior. She then tested the model by numerical simulation. During her PhD research, Dr Pipe developed numerical techniques to simulate nutrient flows, and worked on reaction-diffusion equations and their applications. She has also studied biological science topics at the postgraduate level, including bioinformatics and structural biology. Dr Pipe has a broad range of academic interests related to biophysics, and subjects ranging from food science to microbial ecology. Specialized areas include modeling of tumor growth, environmental aspects of bacterial growth in foods, and biofilm development. Dr Pipe joined the Edanz Group as an editor and writer in 2010.

Mr Gorman has 35 years of experience in the healthcare system in Canada. He has worked as a project manager, research coordinator, department head, consultant, respiratory therapist, and more recently as a medical editor. Mr Gorman is familiar with AMA guidelines and ICMJE Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals. For the past four years he has worked as a freelance medical editor for medical researchers at the McGill University and University of Montreal Research Centers in Montreal, QC, Canada. Mr Gorman joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Cornforth is a Naturopathic Physician with over six years of medical writing and scientific editing experience. Her areas of clinical expertise include herbal medicine, nutrition, endocrinology, and women's health. She has also worked as a health informatics consultant analyzing published research and building risk analysis software. Dr Cornforth is a member of the American Medical Writers Association. Dr Cornforth began working with the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

Dr O'Sullivan has been an active researcher in the field of aquaculture, as well as being involved practically in the development of several aquaculture industries in both Ireland and Australia. Widely published in his field, Dr O’Sullivan is now a full-time copyeditor. From 1994 to 2000 undertaking English correction of journals and book editing for Elsevier Science BV (Amsterdam), Dr O’Sullivan worked in the fields of science and medicine. Dr O’Sullivan has also copyedited for Taylor & Francis, Oxford. Dr O’Sullivan began working with Edanz Editing in 2006.

Dr Toni Atkinson is a research scientist specializing in mycology. Dr Atkinson’s long-standing interest in writing is evidenced by her initial degree in anthropology and English literature. Her mycological focus is ascomycete microfungi, and their taxonomic and methodological challenges. She enjoys finding new species in wild natural landscapes in New Zealand. Dr Atkinson also worked with hyphomycete specialists in Ottawa, Canada, in 2009. She has presented at two international conferences and at several North American venues. Her special interests include interrelationships between organisms, biospheric energy cycles, and implications for sustainable living. Dr Atkinson joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

After studies in biochemistry and microbiology at the University of Victoria, Ms Bogh worked as a biomedical researcher with biotechnology companies and university departments. For the last 10 years she has worked for publishers of international, peer-reviewed scientific and technical journals and has edited manuscripts in many disciplines including microbiology, chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, and genetics. Ms Bogh is a board-certified Editor in the Life Sciences and recently earned a Postgraduate Certificate in Editing from the Department of Linguistics at Macquarie University. She joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2012

Mr Forster worked as a research assistant at the Max Planck Institute for Immunogenetics in Tübingen, Germany, before leaving to work as a freelance translator and copy editor of medical books and journals, primarily for Springer Verlag. He became an in-house editor with Springer in Heidelberg before moving to Tokyo to work in Springer's Tokyo office. For the past 20 years, Stephen has worked mostly in journalism and as a freelance writer and editor for such journal publishers. Mr Forster joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

Ms O'Connor’s PhD thesis entitled “Consequences of primary cilia ablation in the developing limb and epidermis” will be submitted in early 2012. She is also a graduate of the 2010 Embryology course at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA. Ms O’Connor is presently researching in fields related to hedgehog signaling, limb and bone development, and primary cilia. She has experience in mouse breeding, genetics, histology, transgenic and knock-in model generation, development, and embryology. In vitro techniques Ms O'Connor is skilled in are primary cell culture, qRT PCR, western blotting, confocal imaging, and in situ hybridization. She has extensive training in embryology and development, as well as an understanding of the complex signaling pathways involved in pattern formation, cell fate determination, and specification. Ms O'Connor has published a methods chapter on the generation of mouse models, and has 3 peer-reviewed publications. She is a regular attendee and presenter at the American Society for Cell Biology annual meeting. Ms O'Connor began as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2011.

Mr Kamen’s original research was into the presence of freshwater archaea in New York State Lakes using PCR and DNA sequencing. He conducted fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) as part of his Master’s thesis. He also analyzed water samples for Chl A, Nitrogen, Phosphorous and TOC according to the APHA Standard Methods. Mr Kamen has also worked on environmental assessments of soil and groundwater contamination and the monitoring of chemicals in waterways. Mr Kamen gained over five years of experience as a senior microbiology analyst in New York using traditional microbiology techniques as well as GC, real time-PCR, and fluorescence microscopy various microbiological and biochemical techniques as well as the MIDI system. He was also in charge of all Legionella analysis, which was conducted in accordance with CDC guidelines. He has worked as a science editor for non-native authored manuscripts since 2006. Mr Kamen began as an editor with Edanz Editing and Liwen Bianji (Edanz Editing China) in 2008.

Dr Alfaro is a marine biologist with special interests in invertebrate ecology and aquaculture. Her research is inter-disciplinary (i.e., chemistry, physiology, microbiology, genetics, geology, statistics), and aims to elucidate the complex interactions among organisms and their environments. Current projects include the ecology and cultivation of mussels, and estuarine community ecology (i.e., food web dynamics). She is skilled in the design and implementation of field and laboratory experiments that incorporate tools and approaches from a variety of fields. Dr Alfaro is a Senior Lecturer at the Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. Dr Alfaro began working as an editor for Edanz Editing in 2008.

Mr Pishief, a barrister and solicitor, is a legal editor and writer of manuscripts for publication in text books, legal bulletins, and online on global legal platforms. His background in both law and science, with his biomedical science study focusing on molecular pathology, specifcally pathology (including histology) of the brain, heart, liver, kidney, bone, blood, and lymphoid system; genetics, including sequencing, bioinformatics and genetic disorders; biomedical laboratory techniques, with a focus on DNA/RNA extraction and isolation, reverse transcription, PCR, and gel electrophoresis; metabolism; immunology; medical microbiology; and physiology (including neurophysiology and neuroimaging). An experienced report and abstract writer, Mr Pishief joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Mr Grove has worked as a research scientist with the University of Otago (New Zealand) and the University of Western Australia, focusing on marine benthic ecology, marine environmental impact assessment, marine invertebrate taxonomy and underwater habitat mapping. He has had several reports published in peer-reviewed journals, particularly those relating to the multivariate statistical analysis of marine communities. He also has experience with the application of video technology for underwater research and a background in physiology and human health science. Mr Grove began working with the Edanz Group in 2008.

Dr Webster’s research has elucidated the biochemical and physiological mechanisms controlling the uptake and assimilation of free amino acids and the influence of Na+ and K+ ion gradients on these mechanisms. Since 1993, Dr Webster has been a Biomedical Indexer for Crossaig/Thomson and Derwent/Thomson Scientific. This work has included the therapeutic use of drugs, details of dosages and frequency of administration, drug comparisons and combinations, drug pharmacology and pharmacokinetic parameters, adverse effects/toxicity and treatment outcome. Dr Webster began working with Edanz Editing in 2006, editing in the fields of biological and environmental sciences.

Dr Daniel’s PhD thesis was entitled “Molecular Characterization of the Hsp70/Hsp90 Organizing Protein (Hop): Phosphorylation, Subcellular Localization and Interaction with Hsp90.” Dr Daniel is familiar with all standard laboratory and research techniques including molecular biological techniques, organ culture, tissue culture of immortalized cell lines (mammalian), recombinant production and purification of heterologous proteins, recombinant DNA manipulation, confocal fluorescent microscopy, transient transfection of mammalian cells, site directed mutagenesis, one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, assay techniques, Western blot analysis and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, and thin layer and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Dr Daniel began as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2008.