Dr Creasey is a senior post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Dr Paul Hunt, University of Edinburgh (genetics of artemisinin drug resistance in a rodent malaria model). Her special interests have been in the field of tropical medicine and tropical parasitic diseases, with training in the epidemiological aspects of disease. Her field experience in serology and microbiology involved a number of anti-parasitic drug trials in Africa. Later in Edinburgh, genetics and molecular biology were focused on. Dr Creasey has the ability to communicate science in clear, unambiguous language. During her career she has edited journal articles and PhD theses for scientists from China, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, and most African countries. Dr Creasey joined Edanz Editing as an editor in 2007.

Dr Devon is a biologist with a special interest in neuroscience and genetics. She is a graduate of the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, and obtained her PhD in 1996 from the University of Edinburgh, UK, in the genetics of psychiatric illness. She undertook post-doctoral research on a rare, inherited form of Motor Neurone Disease (Lou Gehrig's Disease) in Vancouver, Canada, and then started her own research group back in Edinburgh, UK, investigating the genetics, cell biology and biochemistry of motor neurone disease. She is a co-founder of the Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research at the University of Edinburgh. Dr Devon has written over 50 research papers, book chapters, reviews and successful grant applications, and has peer-reviewed manuscripts for molecular biology journals. Dr Devon began working with Edanz Editing in 2008.

Dr Fox completed a PhD in microbiology at the University of Oxford, investigating novel phase variable LPS biosynthetic genes in Haemophilus influenzae. She then spent five years as a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Queensland, Australia, focusing on the role of DNA methyltransferases in gene regulation in bacterial pathogens. Other projects included the design and development of live, attenuated vaccines for veterinary pathogens. She has many first-author publications in high-ranking journals in the area of microbial pathogenesis. Dr Fox is now a full-time editor, with extensive editing experience in a broad range of biological disciplines including molecular biology, microbiology, biotechnology, genomics, epidemiology, biochemistry and medicine. Dr Fox began editing with the Edanz Group in 2009.

For three years, Dr Furness was a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, where she used extensive molecular genetic techniques to examine the factors influencing the growth of hematopoietic stem cells, with relevance to the development of cancers such as leukemia. Later Dr Furness was a researcher at Glasgow University where she analyzed the energetic requirements of seabirds, using field observations, analysis of radioisotopes from blood samples and metabolic monitoring of birds in respirometers. Dr Furness is a scientific editor with extensive experience of abstracting, indexing and editing scientific papers on a wide range of topics including general medicine, pharmacology and genetics, with personal experience of active scientific research and the publishing of research papers. From 1993 to 2007, Dr Furness was a Specialist Medical Indexer at Thomson Scientific. She began working with Edanz Editing in 2007.

Dr Rider is a research scientist resident in Cambridge, United Kingdom, where he is involved in developing biological therapeutics for respiratory and inflammatory diseases for a multinational pharmaceutical company. For his PhD, he investigated the role of the inflammatory microenvironment on T cell function in rheumatoid arthritis. Dr Rider was a post-doctoral fellow in the UK and Singapore, studying a diverse range of cell biology and immunology topics, including mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells. He has published 10 papers in international peer-reviewed journals, and presented his research at several international conferences. Dr Rider began editing for the Edanz Group in 2009.

Warren Raye graduated from Murdoch University in 2005 with a PhD in Veterinary Virology. His doctoral thesis was entitled "An investigation into the status of porcine circovirus in Australia". Dr Raye is an experienced researcher and lecturer, at undergraduate and post-graduate levels. He was formerly employed by Monash University as a Research Fellow and Lecturer in the fast-changing field of stem cell biology. Dr Raye has also conducted independent research in the areas of molecular virology, inflammation biology and molecular biology. His former work at Monash University involved creating embryonic stem cell lines with various reporter systems for use in small molecule drug screening assays. Other skills and techniques he possesses include mammalian and insect cell culture; growth and differentiation of embryonic stem cell cultures; purification of viruses; PCR; cloning; DNA sequencing and analysis; DNA/RNA manipulation and isolation; expression and purification of recombinant proteins in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems; electrophoresis; development and optimization of ELISAs; design and construction of recombinant viruses for eukaryotic protein expression; in situ hybridization; monoclonal antibody production; and live cell calcium imaging. Dr Raye began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in early 2009, before moving to Fukuoka and taking up the position of Senior Life Sciences Editor in November 2010. As well as editing, Dr Raye also gives training and education seminars for non-native speaking authors to improve their manuscript writing.

Dr Cant has been a Research Fellow (Pharmacology) at the University of Edinburgh and a Research Assistant at the University of London and the University of Oxford, as well as a Lecturer in Physiology at the University of Aberdeen where she also established an electrophysiology laboratory for investigation of drug effects on electrical activity in isolated mammalian cardiac ventricular cells. Dr Cant also has extensive writing and editing experience, having edited papers in biological and physical sciences for the European Community CORDIS Results and Publications databases, as well as for the BEST (British Expertise in Science and Technology) database and its sister database in the US. Dr Cant was a medical editor/database indexer for Thomson Scientific for a number of years and has a wide knowledge of various areas including cardiovascular disease, gastroenterology, neuroscience, epidemiology, pharmacology and physiology.

Dr Kerr originally studied microbiology at Glasgow University and went on to complete a PhD on herpes viruses at Aberdeen University. He then specialized in electron microscopy and continued for a few years in post-doctoral research on ultrasound treatment of cancer. This was followed by a diploma in information studies, and he has worked in medical and drug information since 1991. Dr Kerr has worked previously as an indexer for EMBase and other pharmaceutical databases, a news writer for several journals including Lancet Infections Diseases and Lancet Oncology, and as a copyeditor for Springer and the Society for General Microbiology. In addition to editing, he works on product literature databases for a number of leading pharmaceutical companies. Dr Kerr joined the Edanz Group in 2005 and edits in the medical and life sciences, with a particular interest in microbiology and infectious diseases. He is a member of the Society for General Microbiology.

Dr Diwakarla’s PhD thesis involved the use of primary cerebellar granule cell cultures to monitor changes in mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis after apoptotic injury (excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and trophic factor withdrawal). Her project examined the cellular responses of neurons to a range of insults focusing largely on the activation/recruitment of apoptotic proteins involved both upstream and downstream of the apoptotic pathway. Currently, Dr Diwakarla, who was born in Australia, is a post-doctoral scientist in the Neuropeptides Laboratory at the Florey Neuroscience Institutes were she is monitoring neurogenesis during fetal development and determining the signaling pathways involved in memory formation. She is also contributing to the investigation of neuroprotection in in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic damage. She began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Ms Brunker has been editing biomedical documents for over two decades, including submissions to peer-reviewed journals; dissertations and other academic papers; applications to US regulatory agencies (the Food and Drug Administration and the Patent and Trademark Office); pharmaceutical advertisements of all types; Web site content; slide presentations, scripts and other support pieces for conferences and similar events; and a wide variety of medical education materials. Her master’s thesis was on apoptosis in HIV+ CD4+ cells. She has also done laboratory work in breast cancer and environmental medicine.

Dr Desport is a molecular virologist with interests in animal health. Her thesis for her PhD in Veterinary Virology from the Royal Veterinary College was entitled “Genomic Variation and Cell Tropism of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus”. Dr Desport post-doctoral position at Murdoch University focused on the development and testing of a recombinant protein vaccine to control Jembrana disease in Bali cattle. Skills and techniques include cell culture and purification of viruses; Real-Time RT/PCR; cloning; DNA sequencing and analysis; DNA/RNA manipulation and isolation; expression and purification of recombinant proteins in prokaryotic systems; development and optimization of ELISAs; in situ hybridization; immunostaining; histopathology and peptide mapping. Dr Desport has published eight first-author journal articles and has presented at several national and international conferences. She is an invited reviewer for a number of international journals and has recently edited a book entitled “Lentiviruses and Macrophages: Molecular and Cellular Interactions”. Dr Desport joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr J. Ludovic Croxford is a multi-disciplinary immunologist with research experience in a wide range of fields, especially neuroimmunology, autoimmunity and oncology. His PhD research demonstrated the potential use of cytokine gene therapy for the treatment of animal models of autoimmune disease, and his post-doctoral research focused on the mechanisms of viral molecular mimicry to induce autoimmunity. Dr Croxford next studied the role of a novel NKT cell in a multiple sclerosis model at the National Institute of Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. Following this he studied the mechanisms of immune-mediated tumor suppression for leukemia. Dr Croxford has published over 40 peer-reviewed papers, reviews and book chapters in journals including Nature, Nature Immunology and Nature Medicine. Dr Croxford joined the Edanz Group as an editor in December 2011.

Dr Rogers presently is a lecturer in scientific communication and writing at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. He has previously held research positions as a laboratory head within the biotechnology industry, specializing in proteomics research, and within the food industry, conducting research in primary materials. He completed post-doctoral research within the University of Paris, as a Royal Society Fellow, and at the University of Sussex. He has published widely and is joint author to seven biotechnology patents. Dr Rogers began working as an editor for the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Burkala is currently employed at the University of Oklahoma in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology. Dr Burkala has many years of experience in molecular virology and biology, and has recently specialized in HIV immunology and evolution. He has peer-reviewed publications in a broad range of scientific areas including cancer biology and immunology in addition to reviewing many publications and grant applications. Dr Burkala’s technical skills include: cutting-edge molecular biological techniques such as heteroduplex tracking assays and mass spectrometry; common techniques like cloning, PCR, real-time PCR and recombinant protein purification; immunological techniques such as flow cytometry, ELISA, Western immunoblot and ELISPOT; cell culture techniques including primary and cell line culture, virus culture and purification, transwell migration assays and confocal microscopy; and live animal experiments including the use of mice, sheep, cattle, and rabbits for immunizations and immunological analyses.

Dr Morris’s scientific background is oncology with an emphasis on radiobiology, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. During the period that he worked as a scientist and principal investigator at the University of Oxford, the focus of Dr Morris’s research was on the development of new drugs and novel forms of radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer. More recently, Dr Morris has worked as a medical writer and scientist in the biotechnology industry. Therapeutic areas that he has been involved with include oncology, infectious diseases, age-related macular degeneration and obesity. Dr Morris has visiting scientist status at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in the US. Dr Morris has written over 50 peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters. Dr Morris began working with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Dr Roth has published articles on T cell biology, the molecular mechanisms of gene rearrangement, hematopoeisis, developmental biology, neurobiology, and nuclear receptor biology. He has extensive experience with transgeneic animal models, developing genomic and proteomic based technologies, and applying gene and protein expression profiling methods to diseases and therapeutic areas, including diabetes, obesity, blood disorders, and oncology. He is a co-author on 13 publications in high impact journals, and the co-inventor on five issued patents. He has consulted with leading biopharmaceutical, medical device, and life science companies on new platform technologies and product development. As an adjunct professor at Quinnipiac University, he taught an undergraduate online biology course for several years. He received an American Cancer Society Postdoctoral Fellowship while at Northwestern University, and studied developmental neurobiology at Cold Spring Harbor, New York. Dr Roth began working with Edanz Editing as an editor in 2010.

Dr Bijur's work is on neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and investigations into brain metabolic functions. Dr Bijur has extensive experience in the areas of psychiatry, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, metabolic disorders such as diabetes, and in oncogenesis and carcinogenesis. He has thorough understandings of cell culture techniques, molecular biology techniques, and rodent animal models. His personal research has been funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression. Dr Bijur has authored over 32 peer-reviewed publications, and has presented at numerous scientific conferences including the Society for Neuroscience and the American Association for Cancer Research, among others. He also serves as a reviewer for several biomedical journals and granting agencies. Dr Bijur joined the Edanz Group as an editor and medical writer in 2010.

Dr Davy’s PhD thesis was entitled “Characterisation of White Patch Syndrome, a putative disease affecting corals in the genus Porites on the Great Barrier Reef”. She has extensive experience of the ecology of coral reefs, including bleaching and coral disease. Her expertise also extends to the areas of marine virology, marine conservation, rocky shore ecology, and areas of applied marine science, including fish stock assessment and coastal defenses. In molecular fields, Dr Davy has undertaken primer design and sequence analysis, DNA extraction, fluorescent in situ hybridization and various types of gel electrophoresis, including DGGE, PFGE and SSCP, histopathology, transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Dr Davy has published 12 papers in peer-reviewed journals and presented at several national and international conferences. Dr Davy has also completed an MA in Creative Writing and had a non-fiction book published by Random House New Zealand in 2011. Dr Davy is presently a freelance writer and editor, and scientific consultant. She began working with the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Prof Takemoto is a University Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA. He has extensive experience in the cell biology and protein chemistry of the eye, which he has studied for over 30 years. His research has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health of the US. He has served on numerous national and international boards dealing with vision research, including the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Eye Institute, Lens & Cataract Panel of the National Eye Institute, and the Board of Directors of the Association for Research in Vision & Ophthalmology (ARVO). Prof Takemoto, though US-born, traces his ancestry back to Japan and has conducted research and traveled extensively in Japan as a Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. He has published over 150 peer-reviewed manuscripts, and joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011

Dr Tinsley completed his PhD at the School of Medicine at Flinders University of South Australia. His thesis title was "Non-Viral Glial Cell Transfection: A Therapeutic Strategy for CNS Regeneration." His post-doctoral training was in the neural stem cell laboratory of Prof Peter Eriksson, the first to demonstrate neurogenesis in the adult human brain. Dr Tinsley returned to Australia to work at the Howard Florey Institute, investigating models and diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. He has over ten years experience in medical research, and has published widely in leading journals in his field, including Annals of Neurology. Dr Tinsley began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2011

Ms Malapetsas is a medical and scientific editor/writer with experience in the development of content in the various areas in the life sciences for both medical research institutes and pharmaceutical advertising agencies. Initially a research assistant in a cancer research laboratory at the Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research in Montreal, Canada, she performed molecular and cellular biology experiments—including mRNA, DNA, and protein extraction and purification, Northern and Western blots, RT-PCR, cellular transport, primary tissue culture, and various drug efficacy studies. She also developed laboratory documents for submission to journals and funding agencies. Ms Malapetsas then worked in pharmaceutical advertising, where for eight years she undertook proofreading, copyediting, and fact-checking, and wrote medical education programs delivering on-label drug information to physicians and healthcare professionals. Ms Malapetsas also has extensive experience as a freelance medical and scientific editor/writer for research laboratories and corporate entities. Ms Malapetsas began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Prof Hendry main research was in the molecular biology of RNA insect viruses. He also taught virology, molecular biology and immunology at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa. Prof Hendry has wide international research experience, having been a Visiting Scientist at the University of Madison – Wisconsin, USA, at National Chung Hsing University in Taichung, Taiwan, at the University of California – Davis, USA, and at the CSIRO in Canberra, Australia. He was an appointee to the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) for 10 years, and was a member of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), the Society for General Microbiology (SGM), UK, and the Society for Invertebrate Pathology (SIP), USA. He spent seven years as a referee for research grant applications sent to the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa. Prof Hendry has published over 25 papers in international journals, has presented at numerous international congresses, and has served as referee for scientific manuscripts submitted to several journals. Prof Hendry joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011

Dr Sheen is a postdoctoral research fellow at San Diego State University, studying microbial pathogenesis. Her work encompasses microbial niche establishment as well as penetration of the blood-brain barrier. She also has two patents for the development of novel therapeutic agents for treatment of MRSA infections. Dr Sheen carried out her PhD research at AgResearch in Lincoln, New Zealand, focusing on applying genetic techniques to improve the soil survival of a microbial biocontrol agent. Her other research has involved the phylogenetic analysis of Antarctic notothenioid fish and species evolution. Dr Sheen began editing for Edanz Editing in 2011.

Mr Gorman has 35 years of experience in the healthcare system in Canada. He has worked as a project manager, research coordinator, department head, consultant, respiratory therapist, and more recently as a medical editor. Mr Gorman is familiar with AMA guidelines and ICMJE Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals. For the past four years he has worked as a freelance medical editor for medical researchers at the McGill University and University of Montreal Research Centers in Montreal, QC, Canada. Mr Gorman joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

After studies in biochemistry and microbiology at the University of Victoria, Ms Bogh worked as a biomedical researcher with biotechnology companies and university departments. For the last 10 years she has worked for publishers of international, peer-reviewed scientific and technical journals and has edited manuscripts in many disciplines including microbiology, chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, and genetics. Ms Bogh is a board-certified Editor in the Life Sciences and recently earned a Postgraduate Certificate in Editing from the Department of Linguistics at Macquarie University. She joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2012

Mr Pishief, a barrister and solicitor, is a legal editor and writer of manuscripts for publication in text books, legal bulletins, and online on global legal platforms. His background in both law and science, with his biomedical science study focusing on molecular pathology, specifcally pathology (including histology) of the brain, heart, liver, kidney, bone, blood, and lymphoid system; genetics, including sequencing, bioinformatics and genetic disorders; biomedical laboratory techniques, with a focus on DNA/RNA extraction and isolation, reverse transcription, PCR, and gel electrophoresis; metabolism; immunology; medical microbiology; and physiology (including neurophysiology and neuroimaging). An experienced report and abstract writer, Mr Pishief joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.