Dr Cummins teaches Anatomy, Human Biology and Reproductive Biotechnology at Murdoch University in Western Australia. He has extensive experience in reproductive biology and assisted conception techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). He sits on the editorial board of several top journals, including Human Reproduction and Reproductive Biotechnology Online, and chairs the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Reproductive Technology Council of Western Australia (the government body overseeing IVF clinics). He has been involved in professional editing for 10 years and has worked on about 2500 papers. He has many colleagues and friends in Asia and was a Visiting Professor at Osaka University's Genome Information Research Center in Japan in 2005. Assoc Prof Cummins began editing for the Edanz Group in 2009.

Dr David has conducted research in many areas, including inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, and analytic chemistry. Her most recent research investigated the forensic use of isotope ratio mass spectrometry for the analysis of illicit drugs. Dr David is an experienced science communicator and editor, and received an award in the MacDiarmid Young Scientist of the Year competition (2007, New Zealand). She has also completed an internship with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Bangkok, Thailand). Dr David has presented at conferences and has peer-reviewed publications in the areas of physical, analytical, and forensic chemistry. Dr David began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2008.

Dr Fox completed a PhD in microbiology at the University of Oxford, investigating novel phase variable LPS biosynthetic genes in Haemophilus influenzae. She then spent five years as a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Queensland, Australia, focusing on the role of DNA methyltransferases in gene regulation in bacterial pathogens. Other projects included the design and development of live, attenuated vaccines for veterinary pathogens. She has many first-author publications in high-ranking journals in the area of microbial pathogenesis. Dr Fox is now a full-time editor, with extensive editing experience in a broad range of biological disciplines including molecular biology, microbiology, biotechnology, genomics, epidemiology, biochemistry and medicine. Dr Fox began editing with the Edanz Group in 2009.

For three years, Dr Furness was a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, where she used extensive molecular genetic techniques to examine the factors influencing the growth of hematopoietic stem cells, with relevance to the development of cancers such as leukemia. Later Dr Furness was a researcher at Glasgow University where she analyzed the energetic requirements of seabirds, using field observations, analysis of radioisotopes from blood samples and metabolic monitoring of birds in respirometers. Dr Furness is a scientific editor with extensive experience of abstracting, indexing and editing scientific papers on a wide range of topics including general medicine, pharmacology and genetics, with personal experience of active scientific research and the publishing of research papers. From 1993 to 2007, Dr Furness was a Specialist Medical Indexer at Thomson Scientific. She began working with Edanz Editing in 2007.

Dr Mahkdum was a Research Fellow at the University College London before becoming a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Scripps Institute at the University of California, San Diego, in California. Since 2000, Dr Makhdum has been a medical writer and editor holding various positions including Managing Editor at Elsevier in Oxford from 2005 to 2007. Dr Makhdum began as an editor with Edanz Editing and Liwen Bianji (Edanz Editing China) in 2008.

Dr Shoemaker's scientific background is in pharmacology and toxicology with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases, endocrine disorders and gastroenterology. For her PhD, she investigated and published on the involvement of the second cannabinoid receptor (CB2) in the pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. For her post-doctoral fellowship at Emory University, she studied the pathophysiology of enteric axons during the early stages of diabetes. Dr Shoemaker is an experienced editor and began working for the Edanz Group in early 2009.

Dr Cant has been a Research Fellow (Pharmacology) at the University of Edinburgh and a Research Assistant at the University of London and the University of Oxford, as well as a Lecturer in Physiology at the University of Aberdeen where she also established an electrophysiology laboratory for investigation of drug effects on electrical activity in isolated mammalian cardiac ventricular cells. Dr Cant also has extensive writing and editing experience, having edited papers in biological and physical sciences for the European Community CORDIS Results and Publications databases, as well as for the BEST (British Expertise in Science and Technology) database and its sister database in the US. Dr Cant was a medical editor/database indexer for Thomson Scientific for a number of years and has a wide knowledge of various areas including cardiovascular disease, gastroenterology, neuroscience, epidemiology, pharmacology and physiology.

Ms Brunker has been editing biomedical documents for over two decades, including submissions to peer-reviewed journals; dissertations and other academic papers; applications to US regulatory agencies (the Food and Drug Administration and the Patent and Trademark Office); pharmaceutical advertisements of all types; Web site content; slide presentations, scripts and other support pieces for conferences and similar events; and a wide variety of medical education materials. Her master’s thesis was on apoptosis in HIV+ CD4+ cells. She has also done laboratory work in breast cancer and environmental medicine.

Ms Schatken’s university studies focused on medical technology. After graduation she worked for six years in specialized hematology and research laboratories: the Albany (NY) Medical Center, Mallory Institute (Boston), Tufts Medical School (Boston), Upstate Medical Center (State University of New York, Syracuse, NY), and the Jewish Medical Center (New York). She then went into medical publishing at Harper & Row, later moving to the magazine Medical World News. In 1970 she began working as an independent medical editor and writer. Her work has included preparing reports for physicians, pamphlets/booklets for pharmaceutical houses, abstracts of medical articles, and conference presentations. She has also copyedited medical and scientific journals and books for a variety of publishers, including Springer (New York and Tokyo), Oxford University Press, Little Brown, Raven Press, Harper & Row, Appleton-Century Crofts, and Churchill Livingstone. Ms Schatken began working as an editor and writer with the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Morben has six years of experience in veterinary medicine. She currently works as a general practitioner in the United States. In addition, Dr Morben has extensive experience editing and proofreading a wide variety of research manuscripts and is a member of the American Medical Writers Association. Dr Morben began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Rogers presently is a lecturer in scientific communication and writing at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. He has previously held research positions as a laboratory head within the biotechnology industry, specializing in proteomics research, and within the food industry, conducting research in primary materials. He completed post-doctoral research within the University of Paris, as a Royal Society Fellow, and at the University of Sussex. He has published widely and is joint author to seven biotechnology patents. Dr Rogers began working as an editor for the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Price has a background in the field of environmental science and her research interests cover soil trace gas exchange (methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide), soil biology and biochemistry and the cycling of major elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Her PhD studies, which involved intensive field, laboratory and modeling, focused on understanding methane oxidation in a pristine indigenous forest soil. Dr Price was awarded a New Zealand Science and Technology Post-doctoral Fellowship, being involved in regular field measurements as well as modelling of soil methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide exchange from a regenerating sequence of native scrub. Dr Price has experience in writing for many different formats including journal articles, has edited for the Global Biogeochemical Cycles journal, and has presented data at numerous conferences. Dr Price began editing for the Edanz Group in 2009.

Dr Morris’s scientific background is oncology with an emphasis on radiobiology, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. During the period that he worked as a scientist and principal investigator at the University of Oxford, the focus of Dr Morris’s research was on the development of new drugs and novel forms of radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer. More recently, Dr Morris has worked as a medical writer and scientist in the biotechnology industry. Therapeutic areas that he has been involved with include oncology, infectious diseases, age-related macular degeneration and obesity. Dr Morris has visiting scientist status at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in the US. Dr Morris has written over 50 peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters. Dr Morris began working with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Cameron McLeod is Emeritus Professor (Chemistry) at the University Of Sheffield, having been Director of the Centre for Analytical Sciences (1995–2011) and Head of Department of Earth Sciences (1997–2000). His research focus has been in trace element spectrochemistry, and laser and plasma spectrochemical analysis, Professor McLeod has published extensively in these areas, and in the fields of atomic mass spectrometry and laser ablation. His work has had an impact on the environmental, materials and life sciences sectors. Professor McLeod has served on the boards of several leading Analytical Science journals. He joined the Edanz Group as an editor and specialist reviewer in 2011.

Dr Komolova’s doctoral dissertation focused on characterizing the role of the kidneys in blood pressure regulation in various disease states (hypertension, salt-sensitivity, and obesity). She also investigated the effects of antihypertensive drugs and lifestyle changes on cardiovascular and metabolic function. She is proficient in numerous research techniques, ranging from molecular to whole-animal methodologies. Her work has been published in scientific journals including Hypertension, the Journal of Hypertension, and the International Journal of Obesity. Currently, she is an Adjunct Professor and Research Facilitator in the Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology at Queen’s University, and a freelance medical writer. Dr Komolova began working with the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Bijur's work is on neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and investigations into brain metabolic functions. Dr Bijur has extensive experience in the areas of psychiatry, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, metabolic disorders such as diabetes, and in oncogenesis and carcinogenesis. He has thorough understandings of cell culture techniques, molecular biology techniques, and rodent animal models. His personal research has been funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression. Dr Bijur has authored over 32 peer-reviewed publications, and has presented at numerous scientific conferences including the Society for Neuroscience and the American Association for Cancer Research, among others. He also serves as a reviewer for several biomedical journals and granting agencies. Dr Bijur joined the Edanz Group as an editor and medical writer in 2010.

Dr Taylor has been a lecturer in zoology, comparative physiology, and cell biology at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, since 1972. His interests span all physiological systems across a variety of taxa, including fish, crustaceans, mollusks, insects and spiders. Research themes include: Gas exchange and oxygen transport; morphology and hemodynamics of gills and circulatory systems; osmoregulation, acid-base balance and excretion; adaptation to marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments; the physiology of eggs and embryos and fertilization; stress associated with fishing, aquaculture and live transport; and eco-toxicity of heavy metals. Dr Taylor is experienced in a range of instrumentation and analyses including: microscopy (DIC, fluorescence, TEM, SEM, X-ray microprobe); corrosion casting; respirometry; blood gas and acid-base status; osmotic, ionic, and metabolite concentrations of body fluids and waters; atomic absorption spectroscopy; radioactive tracers, viscometry; blood pressure and flow (pulsed Doppler); heart and ventilation rates; and electrophysiology. Dr Taylor’s research group has published numerous articles in the principal international journals of his field. He has served on the advisory board of journals and book series, is a reviewer for about 20 international journals, and is a member of several national and international scientific societies. Dr Taylor began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2008.

For his PhD, Dr Wilhelmi researched the bioremediation of heavy metals from contaminated mine waste waters. He then worked in a doping control Research and Development laboratory investigating immunological techniques for the detection of corticosteroids. On returning to academia his research has been in a number of biochemical fields, including P450 drug metabolism, DNA barcoding, continuous fermentation and bioremediation. His current research involves the isolation of liver microsomes, cloning, expression and characterization of P450 isoforms. This research is aimed at determining the metabolism of various novel compounds and drugs of abuse. A second research interest investigates the potential of using DNA markers for determining the diet of elusive and dangerous herbivores on South African game reserves. In particular the work has investigated the rbcL gene as a biomarker for plants consumed by these herbivores. Dr Wilhelmi is a senior lecturer at Rhodes University, where he teaches metabolism, analytical techniques and forensic biochemistry. He has presented at conferences and has published in the areas of chromatography and analytical biochemistry, conservation biochemistry, and enzymology. Dr Wilhelmi joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2012.

Dr Zagami's scientific research has focused on the study of the normal development and function of the nervous system and the aberrant processes underlying neurological diseases. Her early studies involved the development of an organotypic spinal cord slice culture model of the motor neuron disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Dr Zagami's PhD studies examined the roles of excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, two processes implicated in ALS, on glutamate transporter function and cell death. Particular attention was focused on astrocytes and their role in regulating glutamate transporters, as well the effect of these mechanisms on motor neurons. Dr Zagami’s postdoctoral work at the Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Canada, aimed to gain a better understanding of the development of certain brainstem neuronal populations by focusing on a protein with an important role in neuronal subtype specification and axon targeting in other areas of the nervous system. Dr Zagami joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Currently, Dr Werry is at Queen Mary University of London studying dentistry. Prior to this, he worked for GlaxoSmithKline Ltd in the Neurosciences Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery in Harlow, UK. Dr Werry studied G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pharmacology and cellular signaling as part of his PhD in a thesis entitled "The effects of crosstalk on GPCR-mediated calcium signaling pathways". He has also worked in one of the premier pharmacology labs in the world with Prof Arthur Christopoulos at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, studying cellular signaling by variants of the serotonin 5HT2C receptor and the pharmacology and cell biology of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Dr Werry's work has produced numerous publications including original research papers and authoritative reviews on calcium and ERK signaling and 5HT2C receptor RNA editing. His areas of expertise include pharmacology, neuroscience, G protein-coupled receptors, and cellular signaling. Dr Werry began working with the Edanz Group as a writer and editor in 2010.

After graduation from Cornell University, Mr Milazzo worked for 10 years at a preclinical contract research organization where he was in charge of multi-disciplinary programs for biotechnology, pharmaceutical and medical device companies. Later Mr Milazzo became the director of preclinical research for a biotechnology company developing controlled-release drug implants for ophthalmic, orthopedic, and cardiovascular use, contributing to several IND and NDA applications to the US FDA. Mr Milazzo moved to New Zealand for his PhD studies, and has been working with biotechnology companies developing peptide therapies for muscle wasting disease and molecular diagnostic products for cancer detection and monitoring. His PhD thesis submitted in 2010, was entitled "Sheep Fat Bingo - A Comparison of Subcutaneous Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Infrapatellar Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Regard to their Chondrogenic Ability in a Sheep Model of Osteochondral Defect Repair". Mr Milazzo’s laboratory expertise includes techniques and surgical skills (particularly orthopedic) associated with a variety of large and small research animal models. These include stem cell and chondrocyte isolation and culture, immunohistochemistry, biochemical assay, histopathology specimen preparation and evaluation, microscopy, RNA extraction and cDNA preparation, and gene microarray. Mr Milazzo joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

After graduating, Dr Charbonneau spent 10 years involved in general surgery, preventive medicine, behavior counseling and diagnostics and treatments related to dermatology, gastroenterology, endocrine and emergency patients in an animal veterinary practice. In 2000, Dr Charbonneau began a 10 year focus on emergency medicine and surgery and completed a one-year term teaching equine locomotor diseases to students of massage therapy. Her experience in emergency medicine includes critical care of trauma patients and patients in cardiac, liver and renal failure, infectious disease, resuscitation and transfusion medicine, neurological and endocrine emergencies as well as surgical correction of gastric dilatation and volvulus, ruptured splenic masses, gastrointestinal foreign bodies, bullet wounds, fractures and wound repair. Currently, Dr Charbonneau works as a relief veterinarian, and has an interest in clinically focused communication. Dr Charbonneau joined Edanz as an editor in 2011.

Dr Anderson’s PhD research focused on the effects of manganese toxicity and iron deficiency on the biology of the neurotransmitters GABA and norepinephrine. He is currently a postdoctoral research fellow at the Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies at the University of Virginia. His research interests include the use of dietary and mind-body therapies for the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Dr Anderson has experience in basic science in addition to his current clinical research. Before his PhD, he was the laboratory manager of two cancer research labs at the Wake Forest University School of Medicine. Dr Anderson has expertise in various in vitro techniques, including cellular studies, molecular biology (western blotting, RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry), microscopy (brightfield and fluorescence), microbiology, and analytical chemistry, as well as in vivo work with mouse and rat models including stereotaxic surgery and microdialysis. Dr Anderson has over a dozen publications in peer-reviewed journals, as well as book chapters, and has presented at national and international conferences. He joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Eve McCutchen Vick's research has included studies of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, degeneration of hippocampal cholinergic innervation, and modulation of neuronal signaling by neurotrophic factors. Her expertise includes learning and memory, synaptic plasticity, hippocampal physiology and intracellular signaling, cholinergic and adrenergic receptors, electrophysiology and immunohistochemistry. Dr Vick is well published in high-ranking journals, and has edited manuscripts across a variety of subject areas, including neuroscience, pharmacology, toxicology, and cardiology. She has also taught undergraduate courses in both Psychology and Anatomy and Physiology at several institutions in the US. Dr Vick joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Price's training is as a pharmacologist, with specific emphasis on molecular pharmacology, signal transduction, and neuroscience. His research includes extensive work on immunophilins, a class of compounds that promote nerve regeneration. He has worked in both pharmaceutical and small biotechnology companies in Japan, the US, and Europe. He has published over 20 research articles, including an invited review. Over the past seven years, Dr Price has edited/co-written over 1100 scientific publications, presentations, and regulatory documents. Dr Price began as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2008.

Dr Murnane is a biologist with particular experience in neuroscience and pharmacology. His PhD dissertation topic was an examination of the in vivo pharmacology of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”). Dr Murnane is currently a post doctoral fellow at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, the United States. He has received numerous prestigious honors and awards for his research. Dr Murnane is a member of the Society for Neuroscience, the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, and the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. His present research interests include studying the in vivo effects of psychostimulants using behavioral pharmacology, neurochemistry, and neuroimaging techniques. Dr Murnane also has significant experience in the fields of addiction, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, cognition, comparative psychology, and animal behavior. In 2010 he joined Edanz Group, where he applies his research background and expertise as a writer and editor to assist clients achieve their publication goals.

Ms Hindle is a science writer and editor with experience in regulatory, pharmaceutical and academic journal publishing. She has worked for Health Canada as Technical Writer and Editor for the Therapeutic Products Directorate where she contributed to the development of Summary Basis of Decision documents, which outline to the public the basis of new drug and medical device approvals in Canada. Ms Hindle has also worked in Cambridge, England as a Production Editor for the journals Development and Journal of Cell Science. Her technical background involves several years as a human health and aquatic toxicologist, including research projects on the effects of pesticide exposure on salmonid stream choice and laboratory method development for aquatic toxicity testing. She joined Edanz Group as a Project Manager and Senior Language Editor in May 2011.

Mr Gorman has 35 years of experience in the healthcare system in Canada. He has worked as a project manager, research coordinator, department head, consultant, respiratory therapist, and more recently as a medical editor. Mr Gorman is familiar with AMA guidelines and ICMJE Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals. For the past four years he has worked as a freelance medical editor for medical researchers at the McGill University and University of Montreal Research Centers in Montreal, QC, Canada. Mr Gorman joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.