Dr Cummins teaches Anatomy, Human Biology and Reproductive Biotechnology at Murdoch University in Western Australia. He has extensive experience in reproductive biology and assisted conception techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). He sits on the editorial board of several top journals, including Human Reproduction and Reproductive Biotechnology Online, and chairs the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Reproductive Technology Council of Western Australia (the government body overseeing IVF clinics). He has been involved in professional editing for 10 years and has worked on about 2500 papers. He has many colleagues and friends in Asia and was a Visiting Professor at Osaka University's Genome Information Research Center in Japan in 2005. Assoc Prof Cummins began editing for the Edanz Group in 2009.

Dr Creasey is a senior post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Dr Paul Hunt, University of Edinburgh (genetics of artemisinin drug resistance in a rodent malaria model). Her special interests have been in the field of tropical medicine and tropical parasitic diseases, with training in the epidemiological aspects of disease. Her field experience in serology and microbiology involved a number of anti-parasitic drug trials in Africa. Later in Edinburgh, genetics and molecular biology were focused on. Dr Creasey has the ability to communicate science in clear, unambiguous language. During her career she has edited journal articles and PhD theses for scientists from China, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, and most African countries. Dr Creasey joined Edanz Editing as an editor in 2007.

Dr Devon is a biologist with a special interest in neuroscience and genetics. She is a graduate of the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, and obtained her PhD in 1996 from the University of Edinburgh, UK, in the genetics of psychiatric illness. She undertook post-doctoral research on a rare, inherited form of Motor Neurone Disease (Lou Gehrig's Disease) in Vancouver, Canada, and then started her own research group back in Edinburgh, UK, investigating the genetics, cell biology and biochemistry of motor neurone disease. She is a co-founder of the Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research at the University of Edinburgh. Dr Devon has written over 50 research papers, book chapters, reviews and successful grant applications, and has peer-reviewed manuscripts for molecular biology journals. Dr Devon began working with Edanz Editing in 2008.

Dr Smith’s PhD thesis was entitled “The Role of PPARalpha in Modulating Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Action using In Vivo Models of Insulin Resistance”. Dr Smith has been a Research Assistant at the Queen Mary, University of London’s Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, where he focused on the biochemistry of diabetes and related metabolic disorders. He has also been a Research Fellow at the London Sport Institute, part of Middlesex University. Dr Smith has studied editing and design skills in relation to publication at the London School of Journalism, and is now a full-time medical writer. Dr Smith gained extensive experience in medical and scientific communications while employed at the internationally recognized agency Medicus International, where he worked on a range of medical communications projects for several well-known pharmaceutical companies. He joined the Edanz Group in 2006, where he is able to apply his wide research background and expertise in the medical communications sector in assisting clients to achieve their publication goals.

Dr Demarest received a BSc in Psychology and a PhD in Neurobiology and Behavior from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Her work has focused on the neuroscience and genetics of a behavioral mouse model. From her research she has authored several peer-reviewed papers. She is currently a staff scientist at the Scripps Research Institute. She joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2008.

Dr McGowan has won many awards during his career, including in 2003 the EU Marie Curie Post-doctoral Fellowship. He has worked in laboratories investigating the molecular mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease as well as those involved in Huntington’s disease, combining laser micro-dissection, microarray analysis and proteomics. Further study involved micro-array gene expression analysis of molecular processes occurring during normal aging and how these are affected by mental exercise. Dr McGowan has an in-depth knowledge of neurodegenerative diseases, neural function, marine zoology, molecular and cellular biology and protein biochemistry, along with extensive multi-disciplinary laboratory experience of contemporary and traditional techniques including proteomics, functional genomics and cell imaging. His excellent written and oral communication skills are demonstrated by several first author publications. From 2005 to October 2006, Dr McGowan was an Associate Editor at Nature Reviews Neuroscience before becoming a full-time editor for Edanz Editing. Dr McGowan is the Edanz Group Science Director.

Dr Allen is a biologist with particular experience in the fields of neuroscience, developmental biology and genetics. His PhD topic involved molecular genetic analysis of mouse mutations that affect limb development. From 1996 to 2004, Dr Allen was a researcher at the Department of Neurobiology, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK. Dr Allen’s research skills and techniques include DNA/RNA manipulation and purification/isolation, electrophoreses, PCR, cloning, all blottings, library screening, genetic mapping, design and construction of transgenes, artificial chromosome engineering, design and construction of vectors for gene targeting in ES cells, cell culture, histological techniques, mouse behavioral analysis, small animal surgery, and bioinformatic tools such as sequence databases and analysis tools. Dr Allen began working with Edanz Editing as an editor in fields associated with neuroscience and genetics in 2007.

Dr Fox completed a PhD in microbiology at the University of Oxford, investigating novel phase variable LPS biosynthetic genes in Haemophilus influenzae. She then spent five years as a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Queensland, Australia, focusing on the role of DNA methyltransferases in gene regulation in bacterial pathogens. Other projects included the design and development of live, attenuated vaccines for veterinary pathogens. She has many first-author publications in high-ranking journals in the area of microbial pathogenesis. Dr Fox is now a full-time editor, with extensive editing experience in a broad range of biological disciplines including molecular biology, microbiology, biotechnology, genomics, epidemiology, biochemistry and medicine. Dr Fox began editing with the Edanz Group in 2009.

For 10 years, Dr Stewart was a Post-Doctoral Research Scientist at Edinburgh and Glasgow Universities, involved in molecular biology research that included sequencing and analysis of various genes for genome projects. Dr Stewart is an experienced bioinformatics analyst with specific experience in DNA/protein sequence data. From 2001 to 2007, Dr Stewart was a Senior Analyst in Thomson Scientific’s GENESEQ team based in Glasgow. Dr Stewart began as an editor for Edanz Editing in 2007, working in molecular biology fields with an emphasis on genomics.

Dr Dingley’s research is broadly in the area of biochemistry, with particular interest in characterizing protein structure and function. Dr Dingley has over 15 years' experience in publishing articles in international high-impact journals. He has written scientific book chapters, and is an editor on the editorial advisory board for the Biochemical Journal. Dr Dingley began as an editor for Edanz Editing and Liwen Bianji (Edanz Editing China) in 2008.

Dr Lodge is a cell biologist with wide-ranging experience in academic research, early stage drug discovery, and stem cell therapy regulatory affairs. For his PhD and postdoctoral work, Dr Lodge studied the roles of the actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion molecules in axon guidance during nervous system development. Dr Lodge joined GlaxoSmithKline in 2001, where he held research and programme leadership roles within target validation initiatives for neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. He was also involved in developing drug discovery strategies involving stem cells. From 2009 to 2011, Dr Lodge was Programme Manager for a stem cell therapy unit at University College London, where he was responsible for the unit obtaining the necessary licenses required by the recently introduced Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) directive. His technical expertise covers a broad spectrum of cell biology, molecular biology and protein biochemistry techniques, including their application to drug discovery assay development. Dr Lodge has published several first author publications in international peer-reviewed journals, and he is experienced in writing a variety of pre-clinical and clinical regulatory documents. Dr Lodge currently offers consulting services in cell-based drug discovery, ATMP regulatory affairs, and scientific writing (including web development). He began editing for the Edanz Group in 2008.

Dr Jefferies has extensive research experience in molecular parasitology with a particular interest in emerging infectious diseases. He is currently working as a research scientist at the University of Bristol, UK, in the Schools of Biological Sciences and Veterinary Science. Dr Jefferies has published more than 20 research papers and is a reviewer for multiple journals in the fields of parasitology and veterinary science. With experience in both academic and commercial research environments, Dr Jefferies has expertise in the development of novel diagnostic methods, molecular epidemiology, population genetics, phylogenetics, molecular taxonomy and protein characterization. He has also worked on peptide-based drug discovery using yeast two-hybrid systems. Dr Jefferies began working with the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

Warren Raye graduated from Murdoch University in 2005 with a PhD in Veterinary Virology. His doctoral thesis was entitled "An investigation into the status of porcine circovirus in Australia". Dr Raye is an experienced researcher and lecturer, at undergraduate and post-graduate levels. He was formerly employed by Monash University as a Research Fellow and Lecturer in the fast-changing field of stem cell biology. Dr Raye has also conducted independent research in the areas of molecular virology, inflammation biology and molecular biology. His former work at Monash University involved creating embryonic stem cell lines with various reporter systems for use in small molecule drug screening assays. Other skills and techniques he possesses include mammalian and insect cell culture; growth and differentiation of embryonic stem cell cultures; purification of viruses; PCR; cloning; DNA sequencing and analysis; DNA/RNA manipulation and isolation; expression and purification of recombinant proteins in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems; electrophoresis; development and optimization of ELISAs; design and construction of recombinant viruses for eukaryotic protein expression; in situ hybridization; monoclonal antibody production; and live cell calcium imaging. Dr Raye began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in early 2009, before moving to Fukuoka and taking up the position of Senior Life Sciences Editor in November 2010. As well as editing, Dr Raye also gives training and education seminars for non-native speaking authors to improve their manuscript writing.

Dr Davies is a biologist with particular expertise in the areas of neuroscience, oncology, and chromatin structure and gene expression. Dr Davies has held Postdoctoral Fellow positions at a number of institutes including the François Magendie Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France, and the Children’s Cancer Institute Australia. During his PhD, he examined chromatin structure and cisplatin damage at the human beta-globin gene cluster. Dr Davies has been a regular reviewer for several international journals and has edited numerous manuscripts written by both native and non-native English speakers. He has a number of first-author publications in journals such as Nucleic Acids Research and The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Dr Davies has experience in a wide variety of laboratory techniques, including acute and organotypic culture, adenovirus manipulation, lentivirus manipulation and transduction of brain slices and cultured neuronal cells, fluorescent and confocal microscopy, cell microinjection, in vivo mouse models, western blot, electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay, PCR (most varieties), cloning and bacterial plasmid production. Dr Davies began working as an editor for Edanz Editing in 2006.

Dr Kuhn has extensive experience as a research scientist and is well published as a first author. She began as an editor for Edanz Editing in 2007 and edits in fields associated with neuroscience, physiology, brain rehabilitation/repair, postnatal and adult neurogenesis, memory, learning, neurodegenerative disease, stem cells, molecular biology, including PCR, cloning, subcloning, subtractive hybridization, plasmid preparation/purification, cDNA, RNA, and genomic DNA purification. She also has working experience with all associated laboratory tests and skills necessary for that environment.

Dr Patel is a neuroscientist interested in central nervous system degeneration and mental illness. For his doctoral thesis he developed a mouse gene-knockout model for the human neurological disorder aceruloplasminemia. Subsequently, as a research fellow at the Department of Cell Biology at Harvard Medical School he studied the molecular signaling cascades involved in nerve cell migration. Dr Patel has recently focused his research on the molecular genetics of psychiatric illness as an associate at the Douglas Mental Health Institute in Montreal. His studies center on microRNA signaling networks involved in major depression and suicide. Dr Patel has published a number of first-author articles in high-impact journals, including The Journal of Biological Chemistry and The Journal of Neuroscience. He began editing for the Edanz Group in 2011.

Dr Desport is a molecular virologist with interests in animal health. Her thesis for her PhD in Veterinary Virology from the Royal Veterinary College was entitled “Genomic Variation and Cell Tropism of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus”. Dr Desport post-doctoral position at Murdoch University focused on the development and testing of a recombinant protein vaccine to control Jembrana disease in Bali cattle. Skills and techniques include cell culture and purification of viruses; Real-Time RT/PCR; cloning; DNA sequencing and analysis; DNA/RNA manipulation and isolation; expression and purification of recombinant proteins in prokaryotic systems; development and optimization of ELISAs; in situ hybridization; immunostaining; histopathology and peptide mapping. Dr Desport has published eight first-author journal articles and has presented at several national and international conferences. She is an invited reviewer for a number of international journals and has recently edited a book entitled “Lentiviruses and Macrophages: Molecular and Cellular Interactions”. Dr Desport joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr J. Ludovic Croxford is a multi-disciplinary immunologist with research experience in a wide range of fields, especially neuroimmunology, autoimmunity and oncology. His PhD research demonstrated the potential use of cytokine gene therapy for the treatment of animal models of autoimmune disease, and his post-doctoral research focused on the mechanisms of viral molecular mimicry to induce autoimmunity. Dr Croxford next studied the role of a novel NKT cell in a multiple sclerosis model at the National Institute of Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. Following this he studied the mechanisms of immune-mediated tumor suppression for leukemia. Dr Croxford has published over 40 peer-reviewed papers, reviews and book chapters in journals including Nature, Nature Immunology and Nature Medicine. Dr Croxford joined the Edanz Group as an editor in December 2011.

Dr Yajima's background is in proteomics, molecular biology, and plant pathology. He is the first author of numerous manuscripts published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Additionally, he is a co-author of a book chapter, an online encyclopedia chapter, an online technical guide/magazine, and an extensive review article. Prior to joining Edanz, he gained experience in editing/proofreading through freelance work. He has also served as a reviewer for international scientific journals. Dr Yajima joined the Edanz Group as a Senior Editor in the Fukuoka office in November 2011.

Dr Sharman's PhD, in the lab of Peter Holland, focused on homeobox gene duplication in early vertebrate evolution. Her post-doctoral work was with Michael Brand on zebrafish neural development; during which she published three first-author papers and three reviews. Dr Sharman then moved into journal editing. She was Editor of Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Assistant Editor of Current Biology and then Senior Editor of Genome Biology. With seven years experience as an in-house journal editor Dr Sharman understands journal publishing and what peer reviewers require in a manuscript. Dr Sharman attained Advanced Member status of the Society for Editors and Proofreaders in 2010 and edits in all areas of biology and medicine; particularly manuscripts on evolution, developmental biology and genomics. Dr Sharman began editing for the Edanz Group in 2011.

Dr Cheesman has a special interest in tropical disease research and has worked primarily in the fields of molecular biology and genetics. For her PhD she investigated DNA topoisomerase II of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum as an anti-malarial drug target. The research involved studying the expression profile and activity of the enzyme throughout the life cycle of the parasite to determine whether anti-topoisomerase drugs could inhibit it. More recently, Dr Cheesman has been applying genetics and genomics approaches to identify parasite genes of biomedical importance, including genes that induce protective immunity in the host. Her research identified a major parasite gene involved in strain-specific immunity against malaria, an important breakthrough in vaccine research. Dr Cheesman is very interested in the evolution of host-pathogen interactions. She has published 25 original research papers, many as first author and has been an invited speaker at many congresses. Dr Cheesman has also taken research sabbaticals at the University of Osaka (2007) and University of Nagasaki, Japan (2009). She joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

Dr Rogers presently is a lecturer in scientific communication and writing at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. He has previously held research positions as a laboratory head within the biotechnology industry, specializing in proteomics research, and within the food industry, conducting research in primary materials. He completed post-doctoral research within the University of Paris, as a Royal Society Fellow, and at the University of Sussex. He has published widely and is joint author to seven biotechnology patents. Dr Rogers began working as an editor for the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr Lutze's graduate work was in vision science. Her studies involved the assessment of changes in color vision with disease and the genetic basis of color vision. She worked alongside ophthalmologists during post-doctoral training and has experience with ophthalmological clinical activities and research. She later worked with an ophthalmologist studying diabetic retinopathy and other retinal diseases. Dr Lutze works as a language editor for a gastroenterology journal based in Beijing, China, and began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2009.

Dr Biswas is a bioinformatics scientist with experience in DNA/protein database annotation, sequence analysis and molecular modeling. For seven years Dr Biswas was a Post-Doctoral Research Associate using molecular modeling techniques to study protein-ligand binding. She then joined the newly formed Bioinformatics Centre at the Indian Institute of Science as a Senior Scientific Officer responsible for the development of training courses and research projects. Dr Biswas returned to the UK in 1998 as a Database Curator at the European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, where she was involved in database production, annotation and research. From 2002 to 2009, Dr Biswas worked as a Bioinformatics Scientist for a private company in New Zealand. She worked in a range of projects aimed at understanding how genes and other factors interact to influence complex biological traits in animals and plants. Dr Biswas, a Scottish-born native speaker of English, has extensive writing and publication experience. She has published 24 papers in international peer-reviewed journals and has co-authored scientific book chapters. Dr Biswas began editing for the Edanz Group in 2010.

Cameron McLeod is Emeritus Professor (Chemistry) at the University Of Sheffield, having been Director of the Centre for Analytical Sciences (1995–2011) and Head of Department of Earth Sciences (1997–2000). His research focus has been in trace element spectrochemistry, and laser and plasma spectrochemical analysis, Professor McLeod has published extensively in these areas, and in the fields of atomic mass spectrometry and laser ablation. His work has had an impact on the environmental, materials and life sciences sectors. Professor McLeod has served on the boards of several leading Analytical Science journals. He joined the Edanz Group as an editor and specialist reviewer in 2011.

Dr Roth has published articles on T cell biology, the molecular mechanisms of gene rearrangement, hematopoeisis, developmental biology, neurobiology, and nuclear receptor biology. He has extensive experience with transgeneic animal models, developing genomic and proteomic based technologies, and applying gene and protein expression profiling methods to diseases and therapeutic areas, including diabetes, obesity, blood disorders, and oncology. He is a co-author on 13 publications in high impact journals, and the co-inventor on five issued patents. He has consulted with leading biopharmaceutical, medical device, and life science companies on new platform technologies and product development. As an adjunct professor at Quinnipiac University, he taught an undergraduate online biology course for several years. He received an American Cancer Society Postdoctoral Fellowship while at Northwestern University, and studied developmental neurobiology at Cold Spring Harbor, New York. Dr Roth began working with Edanz Editing as an editor in 2010.

Dr Bijur's work is on neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and investigations into brain metabolic functions. Dr Bijur has extensive experience in the areas of psychiatry, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, metabolic disorders such as diabetes, and in oncogenesis and carcinogenesis. He has thorough understandings of cell culture techniques, molecular biology techniques, and rodent animal models. His personal research has been funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression. Dr Bijur has authored over 32 peer-reviewed publications, and has presented at numerous scientific conferences including the Society for Neuroscience and the American Association for Cancer Research, among others. He also serves as a reviewer for several biomedical journals and granting agencies. Dr Bijur joined the Edanz Group as an editor and medical writer in 2010.

Dr Benyon is a researcher for the USDA-ARS in the US Horticultural Research Laboratory, which concentrates on improving citrus and specialty crops. His current research involves identifying genetic targets for combating Huanglongbing/Citrus greening in citrus, the bacterial pathogen, and the insect vectors. Dr Benyon has a diversified science background, including having researched antimicrobial peptides at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Dr Benyon has also worked in East Asia with scientists from Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China, and was a post-doctoral associate at Okayama University in Japan. Dr Benyon began editing for the Edanz Group in 2011.

Following the completion of her PhD in biochemistry, Dr Bell was a post-doctoral fellow in the department of Medical Biochemistry at Gothenburg University, Sweden, and then in the department of Behavioural Neuroscience at OHSU, USA. Her postgraduate research focused on the isolation, regulation, action and biological effects of constitutively active MAPK molecules in a eukaryotic yeast model with reference to mammalian MAPKs. Her first post-doctoral post investigated the regulation of the transcription factor FoxC2 and the role of the PKA regulatory subunit RIIβ in adipocyte metabolism. This research had direct relevance to obesity and Type II diabetes. Following this research she then moved into the field of biochemical neuroscience, studying the signaling pathway of the D2 dopamine receptor in relation to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and MAPK in primary neuronal cultures and in vivo. Throughout her career Dr Bell gained experience with a wide range of molecular biology techniques including genetic manipulation, yeast and mammalian cell culturing, animal breeding and dissection, DNA and mRNA analysis, molecular staining, imaging and protein biochemistry. Dr Bell has published 6 peer-reviewed papers, 3 as first author. Dr Bell also holds a patent related to her development of constitutively active MAPKs. Her current interests include the fields of scientific communication and education. Dr Bell joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2010.

Prof Takemoto is a University Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA. He has extensive experience in the cell biology and protein chemistry of the eye, which he has studied for over 30 years. His research has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health of the US. He has served on numerous national and international boards dealing with vision research, including the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Eye Institute, Lens & Cataract Panel of the National Eye Institute, and the Board of Directors of the Association for Research in Vision & Ophthalmology (ARVO). Prof Takemoto, though US-born, traces his ancestry back to Japan and has conducted research and traveled extensively in Japan as a Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. He has published over 150 peer-reviewed manuscripts, and joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011

Dr Barnett's PhD thesis, "Effect of variation in maternal protein intake during gestation and lactation on fuel metabolism in the offspring - studies in the rat", investigated the effects of early nutrition on pancreatic function and insulin metabolism. Dr Barnett post-doctoral studies investigated the role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on intestinal inflammation in a mouse model using 'omics' technologies such as microarrays and proteomics. He is currently a Senior Research Scientist working for AgResearch in New Zealand; recently working in the field of epigenetics, in particular DNA methylation. Dr Barnett has published 20 peer-reviewed journal articles (11 since 2010) and one peer-reviewed book chapter, and has been an invited speaker at a number of international conferences. Dr Barnett joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011 with editing expertise in physiology, genomics/proteomics/metabolomics, epigenetics and intestinal inflammation and immunity.

Dr Tinsley completed his PhD at the School of Medicine at Flinders University of South Australia. His thesis title was "Non-Viral Glial Cell Transfection: A Therapeutic Strategy for CNS Regeneration." His post-doctoral training was in the neural stem cell laboratory of Prof Peter Eriksson, the first to demonstrate neurogenesis in the adult human brain. Dr Tinsley returned to Australia to work at the Howard Florey Institute, investigating models and diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. He has over ten years experience in medical research, and has published widely in leading journals in his field, including Annals of Neurology. Dr Tinsley began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2011

Currently, Dr Werry is at Queen Mary University of London studying dentistry. Prior to this, he worked for GlaxoSmithKline Ltd in the Neurosciences Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery in Harlow, UK. Dr Werry studied G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pharmacology and cellular signaling as part of his PhD in a thesis entitled "The effects of crosstalk on GPCR-mediated calcium signaling pathways". He has also worked in one of the premier pharmacology labs in the world with Prof Arthur Christopoulos at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, studying cellular signaling by variants of the serotonin 5HT2C receptor and the pharmacology and cell biology of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Dr Werry's work has produced numerous publications including original research papers and authoritative reviews on calcium and ERK signaling and 5HT2C receptor RNA editing. His areas of expertise include pharmacology, neuroscience, G protein-coupled receptors, and cellular signaling. Dr Werry began working with the Edanz Group as a writer and editor in 2010.

Dr Walmsley recently completed her PhD in Molecular Marine Microbiology and Natural Product Chemistry. Her research, entitled “Investigating the link between microbial diversity and secondary metabolite production in endemic South African marine sponges of the genus Tsitsikamma” instigated the establishment of an environmental genomics project at Rhodes University. Dr Walmsley has extensive experience in molecular microbiology and natural product chemistry, including techniques such as cloning, Sanger sequencing, 454 pyrosequencing, phylogenetics, genetic identification, isolation of pure cultures, fermentation, natural product isolation and identification, nuclear magnetic resonance, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, sequence analysis and interpretation, polymerase chain reaction, DNA isolation, scanning electron microscopy, high pressure liquid chromatography, large scale column chromatography, media preparation and sterile techniques. Dr Walmsley joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Kelly’s academic interests are in biological sciences and the philosophy of science. His work is focused on understanding, classifying and conserving biological diversity. Dr Kelly’s particular research specialty is the evolution and biogeography of snakes. After undergraduate study at Rhodes University in South Africa he was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University, where he obtained a DPhil in molecular systematics of 'advanced' snakes. His subsequent postdoctoral work has investigated the phylogenetics, phylogeography and taxonomy of several groups of African snakes, incorporating extensive molecular genetic laboratory work, analytical computation, and field surveys. His research has been internationally acclaimed through receipt of the Joseph B. Slowinski Award for excellence in snake systematics (2010), after one of his publications was selected as the best snake systematics paper to be published globally in 2009. Dr Kelly is an experienced lecturer in the biological sciences, and is a reviewer for many international journals. He joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2012.

Dr Dandie is a microbiologist with interests in microbiological processes in soils. Her postdoctoral research has been undertaken in several international institutions, including University College Cork (Biomerit Research Centre) and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Potato Research Centre). Currently Dr Dandie researches nitrogen cycling and nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils at the CSIRO in Australia. Her interests cover a wide range of research in soil microbiology including bioremediation of contaminated soils, composting, biochar, plant-microbe interactions, microbial inoculants and biosensors. Dr Dandie is an invited reviewer for a number of international journals and is also on the editorial board of a prominent soil science journal. She has published nine first-author journal articles. Dr Dandie joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011

Dr Jackson’s PhD investigated bone healing mechanisms, focusing on mechanical loading and growth factors as healing agents, as well as fracture repair strategies. Her earlier studies had a strong focus toward human anatomy, physiology and forensic osteology. For five years Dr Jackson was a post-doctoral research fellow at the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Singapore, where she also acted as an in-house scientific editor. Her postdoctoral research explored protein-protein interactions within signal transduction cascades, and the role of particular tumor-suppressor genes in breast cancer and mammary gland development. Dr Jackson has published 13 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has 16 conference papers. Dr Jackson also has a certificate in Professional Editing and Proofreading, and began editing for the Edanz Group in 2010.

Dr James’ PhD thesis, and initial postdoctoral work, was on the characterization of DISC1, a susceptibility gene for psychiatric illness. Subsequent postdoctoral research focused on acute brain injury and the mitochondrial response in a transgenic mouse model. Dr James understands brain biology with a particular interest in psychiatric illness, neurodegenerative disease, genetics and cellular biology. She has multi-disciplinary laboratory expertise in a number of techniques, covering protein biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, histology and microscopy. Dr James has experience of human tissue studies, as well as transgenic animal models and cell culture systems, including embryonic stem cells. From her research she has co-authored several peer-reviewed papers, including a Science paper, which was cited as one of the top ten breakthroughs of 2005. Dr James joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Sheen is a postdoctoral research fellow at San Diego State University, studying microbial pathogenesis. Her work encompasses microbial niche establishment as well as penetration of the blood-brain barrier. She also has two patents for the development of novel therapeutic agents for treatment of MRSA infections. Dr Sheen carried out her PhD research at AgResearch in Lincoln, New Zealand, focusing on applying genetic techniques to improve the soil survival of a microbial biocontrol agent. Her other research has involved the phylogenetic analysis of Antarctic notothenioid fish and species evolution. Dr Sheen began editing for Edanz Editing in 2011.

Dr Price's training is as a pharmacologist, with specific emphasis on molecular pharmacology, signal transduction, and neuroscience. His research includes extensive work on immunophilins, a class of compounds that promote nerve regeneration. He has worked in both pharmaceutical and small biotechnology companies in Japan, the US, and Europe. He has published over 20 research articles, including an invited review. Over the past seven years, Dr Price has edited/co-written over 1100 scientific publications, presentations, and regulatory documents. Dr Price began as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2008.

Dr Pipe’s PhD research focused on biological modeling; investigating colony growth dynamics of two species of bacteria on high-nutrient agar with a view to developing a mathematical model based on fundamental physical processes to mimic observed growth behavior. She then tested the model by numerical simulation. During her PhD research, Dr Pipe developed numerical techniques to simulate nutrient flows, and worked on reaction-diffusion equations and their applications. She has also studied biological science topics at the postgraduate level, including bioinformatics and structural biology. Dr Pipe has a broad range of academic interests related to biophysics, and subjects ranging from food science to microbial ecology. Specialized areas include modeling of tumor growth, environmental aspects of bacterial growth in foods, and biofilm development. Dr Pipe joined the Edanz Group as an editor and writer in 2010.

Mr Gorman has 35 years of experience in the healthcare system in Canada. He has worked as a project manager, research coordinator, department head, consultant, respiratory therapist, and more recently as a medical editor. Mr Gorman is familiar with AMA guidelines and ICMJE Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals. For the past four years he has worked as a freelance medical editor for medical researchers at the McGill University and University of Montreal Research Centers in Montreal, QC, Canada. Mr Gorman joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Aprico's doctoral thesis was "[3H]4-methylglutamate as a novel radioligand for the brain glutamate transporters." From 2003 to 2005, Dr Aprico held a post-doctoral position at Arvid Carlsson Institute, Göteborg, Sweden, working with Dr Michael Nilsson, investigating in vitro models of reactive astrogliosis. Since 2005, Dr Aprico has been a university lecturer in pharmacology and physiology, but returned to university to obtain her medical degree in mid-2009. Dr Aprico began as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2008.

Mr Arico has been working and studying in the Australian scientific sector for the past several years and has held research positions at internationally recognized organizations such as the Queensland and Garvan Institutes of Medical Research. During this time his research focused on Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunology. Mr Arico has also worked in the private biotechnology sector in the area of Molecular Diagnostics. Mr Arico completed his honors degree in 2006 under the direction of a prominent Professor of Stem Cell Sciences at Monash University researching definitive endoderm differentiation from human embryonic stem cells. His technical skills include: cell culture including human and mouse embryonic stem cells, in vitro cell differentiations using embryonic and adult stem cells, various imaging techniques, cell-based assays, flow cytometry, cell purification techniques, PCR, cloning and retroviral transfections. Mr Arico has a strong interest in tissue engineering technologies and the clinical use of stem cells. He began working as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2011.

Ms O'Connor’s PhD thesis entitled “Consequences of primary cilia ablation in the developing limb and epidermis” will be submitted in early 2012. She is also a graduate of the 2010 Embryology course at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA. Ms O’Connor is presently researching in fields related to hedgehog signaling, limb and bone development, and primary cilia. She has experience in mouse breeding, genetics, histology, transgenic and knock-in model generation, development, and embryology. In vitro techniques Ms O'Connor is skilled in are primary cell culture, qRT PCR, western blotting, confocal imaging, and in situ hybridization. She has extensive training in embryology and development, as well as an understanding of the complex signaling pathways involved in pattern formation, cell fate determination, and specification. Ms O'Connor has published a methods chapter on the generation of mouse models, and has 3 peer-reviewed publications. She is a regular attendee and presenter at the American Society for Cell Biology annual meeting. Ms O'Connor began as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2011.

Mr Pishief, a barrister and solicitor, is a legal editor and writer of manuscripts for publication in text books, legal bulletins, and online on global legal platforms. His background in both law and science, with his biomedical science study focusing on molecular pathology, specifcally pathology (including histology) of the brain, heart, liver, kidney, bone, blood, and lymphoid system; genetics, including sequencing, bioinformatics and genetic disorders; biomedical laboratory techniques, with a focus on DNA/RNA extraction and isolation, reverse transcription, PCR, and gel electrophoresis; metabolism; immunology; medical microbiology; and physiology (including neurophysiology and neuroimaging). An experienced report and abstract writer, Mr Pishief joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Ms McAuley has worked as a research scientist and lecturer focusing on large animals in areas of genetics, reproductive endocrinology, molecular biology, pregnancy and parturition, sexual differentiation and development, and artificial breeding technologies. Ms McAuley’s Laboratory Skills include protein assays (RIA, ELISA), molecular biology techniques (DNA cloning, plasmid preparation and purification, electrophoresis), cell culture, transfection, in-vitro production of embryos, oocyte aspiration, and embryo grading and vitrification. Her veterinary skills include artificial insemination, embryo transfer, uterine flushing, and necropsy. She began as an editor with Edanz Editing in 2007.

Ms Bass is a science writer and editor focused on academic medicine and clinical research. Since 2007, she has served as a grant writer, manuscript editor, and project manager for many UC San Diego laboratories, assisting investigators involved in such diverse fields as hospital policy and quality improvement, radiology, medical physics, nanotechnology, materials science, and genomics. Ms Bass has also edited patient-education and complementary/alternative medicine guidebooks and newsletters for a San Diego-based health insurer. In addition to her academic degrees, in 2004 Ms Bass earned an Advanced Certificate in Technical & Scientific Writing from San Diego State University. Ms Bass joined the Edanz Group as an editor in 2011.

Dr Daniel’s PhD thesis was entitled “Molecular Characterization of the Hsp70/Hsp90 Organizing Protein (Hop): Phosphorylation, Subcellular Localization and Interaction with Hsp90.” Dr Daniel is familiar with all standard laboratory and research techniques including molecular biological techniques, organ culture, tissue culture of immortalized cell lines (mammalian), recombinant production and purification of heterologous proteins, recombinant DNA manipulation, confocal fluorescent microscopy, transient transfection of mammalian cells, site directed mutagenesis, one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, assay techniques, Western blot analysis and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, and thin layer and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Dr Daniel began as an editor with the Edanz Group in 2008.

Mr Wallace’s background is in biochemistry and genetics. Later he focused on biomedical science/bioengineering, in particular nerve regeneration in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. His PhD focuses on tissue engineering for spinal cord injury and combines the use of novel nerve guides as cell carriers for the promotion of axonal regeneration. This project also looks at optimal cell isolation protocols for neural stem cells and optimization of nerve conduits using hydrogels. He is experienced in tissue extraction and cell culture, viral transduction, electrospinning, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, freeze-dry processing of scaffolds, collagen isolation, RT-PCR, SDS-PAGE, Southern blotting and histology. He has also worked as a Scientific Information Specialist for Thomson Scientific & Healthcare during 2004–2006. In this position he was responsible for analyzing and extracting information from life science and biomedical articles to allow for seamless access to current and retrospective multidisciplinary information from approximately 8,700 high-impact research journals from the Web of Science. He also worked as part of the quality control team for BIOSIS Previews, where he was required to write abstracts for scientific articles. Mr Wallace began working as an editor for the Edanz Group in 2009.